明清时期泾州地区城镇研究

发布时间：2019-06-19 13:00

【摘要】：在我国西北地区有着世界上面积最大、黄土堆积最深、分布也最完整的黄土高原,考古发掘证明,该地区很多早期文化遗址与后世的城镇选址是相重合的,这说明了西北地区自然环境对人类活动的约限力持续性很长,从而也影响了交通的选线和城镇分布。泾州地区身处西北,是丝绸之路的必经之地。所以此地的城镇分布,必然会受到陆路交通框架的影响。自明朝建立后,其西北以嘉峪关为界,在这样的大环境下,甘肃就变成了民族交融的前沿之地,而作为“关陇藩翰”的甘肃东南部,在明以后又有了十分特殊的地位：它既是“内华夏外夷狄”的缓冲地带,又是控制其西南藏地、抚谕西北“诸番”的前哨阵地和防线。因此,这个地区的城镇布局,对边防有着一定的影响和作用。同时,城镇又是人类活动的中心,没有人就不会有城镇的存在。人口的质量、多少和人们所从事的生产生活活动以及历史积累所形成的社会习俗都会成为影响城镇发展的重要因素。城镇的布局也各不相同,影响城镇布局的直接因素包括：经济因素,如水利枢纽、交通枢纽、资源情况等；地理环境,如地形、地貌、地质、水文、气象等；城镇状况,如人口规模、用地范围等。影响城镇布局的间接因素包括：历史因素,城镇从形成开始便经历了自然发展和政府的规划建设,在各个时期呈现出不同的形式；社会因素,包括社会制度、社会不同阶层、集团的利益、意志、权力等,都对城镇的选址、发展方向、规划思想和城镇布局结构起着十分重要的作用。
[Abstract]:In the northwest of China, there is the loess plateau, which has the largest area in the world, the deepest loess accumulation and the most complete distribution. Archaeological excavations prove that many early cultural sites in this area coincide with the urban location of later generations, which shows that the natural environment in northwest China has a long continuity of limited force on human activities, which also affects the route selection and urban distribution of traffic. Jingzhou, located in the northwest, is a necessary place for the Silk Road. Therefore, the distribution of cities and towns here is bound to be affected by the land traffic framework. Since the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, its northwest is bounded by Jiayuguan. In such an environment, Gansu has become the frontier of national integration, and the southeast of Gansu, as "Guanlong Fanhan", has a very special position after Ming Dynasty: it is not only the buffer zone of "inner Chinese and foreign Yi Di", but also the outpost position and defense line of controlling its southwest Tibetan place and caressing the northwest "Zhufan". Therefore, the urban layout of this area has a certain impact and role on border defense. At the same time, cities and towns are the center of human activities, no one will have the existence of towns. The quality of population, the number of people engaged in production and life activities and the social customs formed by historical accumulation will become an important factor affecting the development of cities and towns. The layout of cities and towns is also different. The direct factors that affect the layout of cities and towns include: economic factors, such as water conservancy projects, transportation hubs, resources, etc.; geographical environment, such as topography, geomorphology, geology, hydrology, meteorology, etc.; urban conditions, such as population size, land use scope, etc. The indirect factors that affect the layout of cities and towns include: historical factors, cities and towns have experienced natural development and government planning and construction from the beginning of their formation, showing different forms in each period, and social factors, including social system, different strata of society, interests of groups, will, power and so on, play a very important role in the site selection, development direction, planning thought and urban layout structure of cities and towns.
【学位授予单位】：宁夏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：K248

【相似文献】