秸秆焚烧的原因与秸秆深还技术模式

发布时间：2017-12-26 18:25

本文关键词：秸秆焚烧的原因与秸秆深还技术模式　出处：《吉林农业大学学报》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：秸秆焚烧的原因是产量过大,利用量不足,留在田里覆盖影响翌年种地,浅层翻压和旋耕不仅增加成本,还会引起漏风跑墒。目前解决焚烧的最佳办法是将秸秆深埋于土壤亚表层中,即"秸秆深还"。秸秆深还包括"富集深还"和"翻压深还"2种模式,前者为年年都能深层归还的可持续模式,后者应与免耕覆盖配合使用或作为应急模式使用。富集深还模式将站立或卧倒的整株秸杆粉碎还入开好的深沟内,也可以将玉米收获机械抛撒在地表的秸秆拣拾起来进一步粉碎还入开好的深沟内。开沟深还的优点是土层顺序不变,并可富集秸秆2~3倍,达到连年条带轮耕深还的目的。翻压深还是用大型翻地机具将玉米收获机械抛撒在地表的秸秆,按"开沟倍量隔垄"和"全量垄对垄"方式翻入土壤来培肥地力。
[Abstract]:The reason of straw burning yield is too large, the shortage in the field covered the effects of farming, shallow ploughing and tilling not only increase the cost, but also caused by air leakage entropy. At present, the best way to solve the incineration is to bury the straw in the subsurface of the soil, that is, "the straw is deep". The depth of straw also includes 2 modes: deep enrichment and deep pressure returning. The former is a sustainable mode that can be returned in deep level every year, and the latter should be used in combination with no tillage mulching or as an emergency mode. Deep enrichment mode will also stand or lie down the whole plant straw crushing deep groove also into the good, can also be a corn harvester thrown at the surface of the straw picking up further crushing also into a good deep inside. The advantage of the furrow depth is that the order of the soil layer is constant, and the 2~3 times of the accumulation of straw can be enriched to achieve the purpose of returning the ploughing of the successive years. The pressure over deep or will be thrown at the surface of corn harvester with large straw plowing machines, according to the "times across the ridge and furrow" and "full amount of ridge ridge" turns into the soil to improve soil fertility.
【作者单位】：吉林农业大学资源与环境学院;土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室中国科学院南京土壤研究所;吉林农业大学生命科学学院;吉林省榆树市恩育乡农机站;吉林大学生命科学学院;东北师范大学地理科学学院;
【基金】：吉林省高等学校秸秆综合利用高端科技创新平台[吉高平合字(2014)C-1] 吉林省重点科技攻关项目(2011CB100503NY) 国家自然科学基金项目(41571231)
【分类号】：S141.4;X712
【正文快照】： 师范大学地理科学学院,长春130024;6.土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,中国科学院南京土壤研究所,南京210008引文格式:窦森,陈光,关松,等.秸秆焚烧的原因与秸秆深还技术模式[J].吉林农业大学学报,2017,39(2):127-133.***通信作者(CSDI).The CSDI included 2 modes:“deep

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