基于河蚬综合生物标志物响应对淮河蚌埠段三种水体的评估
发布时间：2018-07-15 15:03
【摘要】：本文通过采集淮河蚌埠段不同行业排水、河流采样点水样和污水厂水样(进水、酸化池出水及最终出水)三大类水样,用其对实验室驯养的淡水底栖双壳类动物河蚬进行为期14d的暴露,期间测定水样的相关水质参数,如水温、溶氧、p H等,记录并统计暴露期间河蚬的死亡数。暴露结束后,分别取河蚬内脏团和雄性性腺组织样,测定下列酶活:超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)、丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶(GST)、乙酰胆碱酯酶(Ach E)和雄性河蚬性腺的卵黄蛋白原含量(Vtg),上述酶活测定结果再用第二版综合生物标志物响应(IBR_(v2))进行综合评估。三大类水样的评估结果及相关结论如下:1.行业水样中三种不同行业总共15个水样污染程度(IBR_(v2))的评估结果为:制药类(9.32)橡胶类(8.94)食品类(8.22),三种行业水样中Vtg、ACh E和MDA值均普遍较高,表明其受到雌激素及其类似物、神经毒性类物质及重金属等的影响较大。2.食品类行业排水中Vtg含量较高,平均值为79.35μg/ml,GST含量较低,平均值仅为15.74 U/mg prot,表明其排水中激素类物质含量较多而有机污染物含量相对较少;制药类行业水样中ACh E、GST和Vtg含量较高,分别为0.017 U/mg prot/min、20.66 U/mg prot/min和96.69μg/ml,表明其排水中神经毒性物质、有机污染物和激素类物质含量较高;整体的氧化损伤方面则是橡胶制品行业最高,尤以C3和C4为最,分别为3.54μmol/mg prot和2.86μmol/mg prot。3.河流采样点水体污染程度的评估结果(IBR_(v2))的平均值为8.11,低于行业排水的评估值。区别于不同行业废水对水体的污染,河流采样点水样中Vtg和ACh E含量较高,分别为85.88μg/ml和0.027 U/mg prot/min,GST活性则被抑制,为9.68U/mg prot/min,表明雌激素及其类似物、农药化肥残留及其它有机污染物等对水体影响相对较大,推测其来源主要为居民生活污水及农药化肥残留等非点源排放所致。4.污水厂进水、酸化池出水和最终出水三个水样的评估结果(IBR_(v2))为进水酸化池出水最终出水,评估结果分别为15.8、13.3和9.7。酸化池工艺在去除水体中有机污染物、神经毒性类物质和重金属类物质方面效果显著,但该污水厂在消除激素类物质和内分泌干扰类物质方面仍需要进一步完善其功能。同时,污水厂作为重要的点源排放类型对周边环境及生态的影响也不可忽视。
[Abstract]:In this paper, three kinds of water samples were collected from different industries of Bengbu section of Huaihe River, such as water samples from river sampling points and water samples from wastewater treatment plants (influent, acidification tank effluent and final effluent). The water quality parameters such as water temperature, dissolved oxygen pH and so on were measured for 14 days after exposure to freshwater benthic bivalves (Corbicula clams) domesticated in the laboratory. The death rates of Corbicula clams during exposure were recorded and counted. After exposure, the visceral mass and the male gonadal tissue were taken respectively. The activities of superoxide dismutase (sod), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (gr), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione -Stransferase (GST), acetylcholinesterase (Ach E) and vitellogenin content (VTG) in male Corbicula flumericula were determined. The results of enzyme activity were evaluated with the second edition of the synthetic biomarker response (IBRv2). The results of the assessment of the three categories of water samples and their related conclusions are as follows: 1. A total of 15 water samples in three different industries (IBRv2) were evaluated as follows: pharmaceutical (9.32), rubber (8.94), food (8.22), and VtgACHE and MDA were generally higher in three kinds of water samples, indicating that they were exposed to estrogen and its analogues. Neurotoxic substances and heavy metals have great effects. The average value of VTG was 79.35 渭 g / ml 路ml ~ (-1). The average value was only 15.74 U / mg prott, which indicated that there were more hormones and less organic pollutants in the drainage, and the contents of ach EG and VTG in the water samples of pharmaceutical industry were higher. The concentrations of neurotoxic substances, organic pollutants and hormones in drainage were higher than those in rubber products, especially C3 and C4, which were 3.54 渭 mol/mg prot and 2.86 渭 mol/mg prot.3respectively. The average value of water pollution (IBRv2) of river sampling sites is 8.11, which is lower than that of industry drainage. Different from the pollution of wastewater from different industries, the contents of VTG and ache in water samples from river sampling sites were higher, which were 85.88 渭 g/ml and 0.027 U / mg prot / min, respectively, which were inhibited to 9.68 U / mg / min, indicating estrogen and its analogues. The effects of pesticide and chemical fertilizer residues and other organic pollutants on the water body are relatively large. It is assumed that the main source of pesticide and fertilizer residues is non-point source discharge of domestic sewage and pesticide fertilizer residues. The evaluation results (IBRv2) of three water samples (IBRv2) of influent, acidizing tank and final effluent of wastewater treatment plant are the final effluent of influent acidification pond, and the evaluation results are 15.8n13.3 and 9.7respectively. The effect of acidification tank on removing organic pollutants, neurotoxic substances and heavy metal substances in water is remarkable, but the function of the wastewater treatment plant in eliminating hormone and endocrine disrupting substances still needs to be further improved. At the same time, as an important type of point source discharge, wastewater treatment plant can not be ignored.
【学位授予单位】：华中农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X824
本文编号：2124474
[Abstract]:In this paper, three kinds of water samples were collected from different industries of Bengbu section of Huaihe River, such as water samples from river sampling points and water samples from wastewater treatment plants (influent, acidification tank effluent and final effluent). The water quality parameters such as water temperature, dissolved oxygen pH and so on were measured for 14 days after exposure to freshwater benthic bivalves (Corbicula clams) domesticated in the laboratory. The death rates of Corbicula clams during exposure were recorded and counted. After exposure, the visceral mass and the male gonadal tissue were taken respectively. The activities of superoxide dismutase (sod), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (gr), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione -Stransferase (GST), acetylcholinesterase (Ach E) and vitellogenin content (VTG) in male Corbicula flumericula were determined. The results of enzyme activity were evaluated with the second edition of the synthetic biomarker response (IBRv2). The results of the assessment of the three categories of water samples and their related conclusions are as follows: 1. A total of 15 water samples in three different industries (IBRv2) were evaluated as follows: pharmaceutical (9.32), rubber (8.94), food (8.22), and VtgACHE and MDA were generally higher in three kinds of water samples, indicating that they were exposed to estrogen and its analogues. Neurotoxic substances and heavy metals have great effects. The average value of VTG was 79.35 渭 g / ml 路ml ~ (-1). The average value was only 15.74 U / mg prott, which indicated that there were more hormones and less organic pollutants in the drainage, and the contents of ach EG and VTG in the water samples of pharmaceutical industry were higher. The concentrations of neurotoxic substances, organic pollutants and hormones in drainage were higher than those in rubber products, especially C3 and C4, which were 3.54 渭 mol/mg prot and 2.86 渭 mol/mg prot.3respectively. The average value of water pollution (IBRv2) of river sampling sites is 8.11, which is lower than that of industry drainage. Different from the pollution of wastewater from different industries, the contents of VTG and ache in water samples from river sampling sites were higher, which were 85.88 渭 g/ml and 0.027 U / mg prot / min, respectively, which were inhibited to 9.68 U / mg / min, indicating estrogen and its analogues. The effects of pesticide and chemical fertilizer residues and other organic pollutants on the water body are relatively large. It is assumed that the main source of pesticide and fertilizer residues is non-point source discharge of domestic sewage and pesticide fertilizer residues. The evaluation results (IBRv2) of three water samples (IBRv2) of influent, acidizing tank and final effluent of wastewater treatment plant are the final effluent of influent acidification pond, and the evaluation results are 15.8n13.3 and 9.7respectively. The effect of acidification tank on removing organic pollutants, neurotoxic substances and heavy metal substances in water is remarkable, but the function of the wastewater treatment plant in eliminating hormone and endocrine disrupting substances still needs to be further improved. At the same time, as an important type of point source discharge, wastewater treatment plant can not be ignored.
【学位授予单位】：华中农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X824
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