基于3S技术的公路建设生态环境质量评价应用.pdf

  本文关键词：基于3S技术的公路建设生态环境质量评价研究，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。

网友2286107238近日为您收集整理了关于基于3S技术的公路建设生态环境质量评价应用的文档，希望对您的工作和学习有所帮助。以下是文档介绍：中国农业科学院硕士学位论文基于3S技术的公路建设生态环境质量评价研究姓名:彭士涛申请学位级别:硕士专业:环境工程指导教师:程波20060601摘要近年来,随着我国高速公路建设的迅猛发展,公路污染、公路对生态环境的影响等问题也随之凸显出来。因此,公路的环境保护面临着采取何种措施减少和杜绝公路的环境污染、恢复路域生态的问题。公路项目的环境影响评价通过对公路建设所产生的环境影响进行识别、预测和评价,提出台适的消除或减缓不良环境影响的对策和措施。公路环境影响评价的内容包括:社会、生态、水土保持、景观、大气、噪声等方面的环境影响评价。而生态环境质量评价往往是公路建设环境影响评价中十分关键的内容。以3s技术为辅助手段,对公路建设生态环境质量评价进行全面、系统的研究在国内尚不多见。该项研究对促进我国高速公路建设和环境保护协调可持续发展具有重要的战略意义。本研究利用3S技术作为辅助手段,以1:5万地形图为调查研究的基础底图,对河南省南阳市内乡至西坪(豫陕界)段高速公路沿线两侧各4km范围内遥感图像的土地利用类型等进行解译,结合野外实地考察,验证解译结果,并利用已有的资料和研究成果,参考2003年国家环境监测总站颁布的《生态环境质量评价方法》,对公路沿线生态环境质量进行评价,经计算和分析结果表明:该公路工程沿线区域生态环境质量基本属“良”,植被覆盖度好,水资源丰富,生物多样性丰富,生态系统的功能具有一定的完整性、稳定性及可持续发展性。在公路建设过程中,只要采取一些必要的环境保护措旌及一些生态恢复、补偿措施,对整个生态系统的完接及稳定性不会产生明显的影响。关键词: 公路建设:生态环境质量评价:3s技术AbstractIn recent yeaTs, with the fapid development of highway construction, someproblems about highway pollution and the impactof the highway on the ecologyenvironment etc.have been increasing quickly.Therefore,what methOds could beused to reduce and eliminate environmental po}lution‘to the highway and how torestore the ec0109ical damage {ng the hot topics.The impact of highwayproject on construction of the road is identified,predicted,and assessed,8nd then themeasures for removing and minimizing the bad infuence wereproposed.The highwaycOnstruction environmental assessment includes: Social, Ec0109¨ConservatiOn ofwater and Soil,Land scape,Atmospheric,as well as noise.Eco-enVi ronmental qualityassessment is the key content of highway construction project’s enVironmental impactassessment.3S,technology as an aided analysis means prehensiVely and systematiclystudy the eco Jogical environmental quality assessment of the highway construction,which hasn’t been monly in China.Studying th;s issue is of strategicimportant for the coordinate development of highway constructiOn and enVironmentaIprotection,Using 3S technOIogy as acOmplementary meaning,the study interpretedthe remote sensing image about the land—use types within the 4km on both sides 0f thehighwayof Neixiang—Xiping along in Nanyang cityof Henan ProVince by 1:5 milIiontopographjc base maps.And then,it cenjficated the interpreted results from the fieldinvestigation.Finall y'the quality Of the ecological enVironment was assessed alOngthe highway based on the Nation environment mon.toring terminus promulgated’’ecological quality evaluation methods”in 2003.From the calculation and anaJysis,it’s shown that regionaI ecOlogical environment along the road was fine in qualit弘good in vegetation coVer,rich in water resOurces,Very rich in biodiVersity.EcosystemfunctjOns were integral, stable and sustainable in deVelOpment. In the highwayconstruction pfocess,the stability of the entire ecosystem aIong the highway hasn’tbeen impacted seriously,as lOng as the necessary enVironmental protectionmeasufesand some ecological rehab.1itation measures should be taken.1(ey words: Highway construction; Eco—enVjronmental quality assessment; 3 stechnology独创性声明本人声明所呈

12>

  本文关键词：基于3S技术的公路建设生态环境质量评价研究，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。