基于无线传感器网络的水环境污染源探测与定位

发布时间：2018-01-21 08:52

本文关键词： 无线传感器网络污染源探测污染源定位水环境　出处：《武汉科技大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：水环境中污染源的探测与定位问题对水环境保护有重要的意义。论文将无线传感器网络应用于水环境监测中,对网络平台总体架构、污染源探测和定位等关键问题开展了深入研究。论文的主要工作如下:(1)提出了网络污染源探测与节点污染源探测的方法。针对静态污染源探测与动态污染源探测中存在的探测问题,采用假设检验方法和相关二值假设,构造了检验统计量与检验方法,检验了提出的污染源探测算法。检验表明:在网络污染源探测中,高检测精度与具有较大监测值的观测节点的数量相关。而在节点污染源探测中,只要参照样本足够多,较少的采样时间也能得到更为满意的检测精度。(2)提出了两种湖库中近岸排放污染源的定位方法:一种方法是边界约束最小二乘污染源定位算法,另一种是边界约束最小一乘污染源定位算法。在一般湖库水环境中,两种算法都较无边界约束情形具有较好的定位效果;在定位节点中有奇异节点时,边界约束最小一乘污染源定位算法较边界约束最小二乘污染源定位算法具有更好的定位效果。(3)给出了河流中二维污染物浓度分布的通用模型。分析了有边界和无边界下污染源的扩散模型,给出了一种考虑边界影响的二维污染物浓度分布的通用模型。提出一种有边界约束的非线性最小二乘污染源定位算法。该算法以测量值与理论值之差的平方和为目标函数,具有较好数值稳定性和抗干扰性。通过仿真讨论了测量浓度噪声、节点漂移误差和反射系数误差对污染源定位估计精度的影响,验证了所提算法的有效性。(4)建立了面向水环境监测的分布式无线传感器系统结构,搭建了该系统污染源定位实验平台,通过该平台测试了污染源的探测算法与湖库水环境中污染源定位算法。
[Abstract]:The detection and location of pollution sources in water environment is of great significance to the protection of water environment. In this paper, wireless sensor networks are applied to water environment monitoring, and the overall architecture of the network platform is discussed. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1). This paper puts forward the methods of network pollution source detection and node pollution source detection, aiming at the problems existing in static pollution source detection and dynamic pollution source detection. By using the hypothesis test method and the correlation binary hypothesis, the test statistics and the inspection method are constructed, and the proposed pollution source detection algorithm is tested. The results show that: in the network pollution source detection. The high detection accuracy is related to the number of observation nodes with larger monitoring values. However, in the detection of node pollution sources, only a sufficient number of reference samples are required. Less sampling time can also get a more satisfactory detection accuracy. 2) two methods are proposed to locate the source of near-shore discharge in lake and reservoir. One method is the boundary constrained least square algorithm. The other is the boundary constraint minimum-multiplicative pollution source location algorithm. In general lake and reservoir water environment, the two algorithms have better localization effect than those without boundary constraint. When there is a singular node in the locator node. The algorithm of boundary constraint least multiplication pollution source location has better localization effect than the boundary constraint least square algorithm. A general model of two-dimensional pollutant concentration distribution in rivers is presented, and the diffusion model of pollution sources with and without boundary is analyzed. In this paper, a general model of two-dimensional pollutant concentration distribution considering the influence of boundary is given. A nonlinear least square source location algorithm with boundary constraints is proposed. The square sum of the difference between the measured and theoretical values is calculated as the sum of the square of the measured value and the theoretical value. Objective function. It has good numerical stability and anti-interference. The effects of measurement concentration noise node drift error and reflection coefficient error on the location estimation accuracy of pollution source are discussed by simulation. The validity of the proposed algorithm is verified. (4) the structure of distributed wireless sensor system for water environment monitoring is established, and the experimental platform of pollution source location of the system is built. Through this platform, the detection algorithm of pollution source and the algorithm of pollution source location in lake and reservoir water environment are tested.
【学位授予单位】：武汉科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：X832;TP212.9;TN929.5

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