弹道中段目标极化雷达识别方法

发布时间：2018-02-20 01:01

本文关键词： 极化雷达有源假目标极化信息目标识别仿形诱饵空时关联回波极化比　出处：《国防科学技术大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着弹载无源、有源干扰技术的发展,弹道导弹突防对抗日趋激烈,各种体积小、质量轻的仿形气球诱饵等无源假目标以及数量众多、调制复杂的有源假目标,共同组成了弹道中段“目标群”,对导弹防御(反导)系统构成了严重挑战。从弹道中段“目标群”中准确识别突防弹头,是反导系统跟踪、拦截的前提,但由于其难度极大,已成为反导领域面临的瓶颈问题。“剔除假目标”是在弹道中段复杂“目标群”中识别真弹头的一项基础性工作,也是一种切实可行的手段,通过有效剔除各类假目标,将为弹头目标的最终识别提供坚实基础。雷达是反导系统的核心传感器,雷达对弹头及突防干扰的时域、频域、空域以及极化域等信息的充分挖掘和综合利用,对反导系统能否从弹道中段“目标群”中识别出弹头目标具有决定性的影响,极化信息则能够显著提高反导雷达在复杂电磁干扰环境下的探测能力。论文面向具有极化信息获取能力的反导雷达,基于逐类、分步优先剔除假目标进而鉴别出真目标的总体对抗思路,系统地研究了无源、有源假目标干扰的识别问题,提出了对仿形诱饵、固定极化/变极化/全极化有源假目标以及多类型/多平台条件下复杂假目标的识别方法,并结合双极化数字阵列实验雷达进行了部分验证。论文的研究工作主要包括以下三个方面:一、无源假目标的空时关联识别方法首先针对弹道中段目标跟踪过程中经常出现的航迹中断问题,基于弹道目标“二体运动”特征,提出了一种航迹空时关联方法,为无源假目标的识别提供了支撑;然后针对仿形诱饵等无源假目标与弹头极为相似而难以识别的问题,研究了基于施放位置差异的无源假目标识别方法:通过时域预测与空域关联获取目标航迹交点集,进而通过交点融合得出施放位置信息,实现对后续施放无源假目标的识别,特别为仿形诱饵识别提供了重要途径。二、有源假目标的极化域特征识别方法针对多种典型极化调制的有源假目标干扰,系统地研究了极化域特征识别方法。深入分析了固定极化多假目标、变极化多假目标以及全极化假目标三类有源假目标矢量信号与弹头回波矢量信号的本质物理差异;分析得出了干扰机产生的多个假目标极化比参数的等式关系,根据回波极化比统计量的累积概率分布特性,提出了对固定极化多假目标/变极化多假目标的分类-检测-识别一体化方法;利用全极化假目标不能完全模拟弹头目标频率-极化响应特征的特点,提出了基于频分发射变极化体制的“三步检测-识别”方法。三、复杂干扰条件下极化雷达假目标识别方法针对突防干扰环境和极化雷达体制对有源假目标识别方法提出的特定需求,研究了复杂干扰条件下极化雷达假目标识别问题。具体地,针对压制干扰掩护下的欺骗假目标,提出了极化对消-极化识别的联合处理方法;针对多平台协同形成的角度欺骗假目标干扰,利用其与弹头目标在雷达不同极化通道间和/差信号比值的差异,提出了干扰“存在性”的二元假设检验方法,为剔除角度欺骗假目标提供重要依据。根据雷达威力和成本控制约束,对比分析了不同发射变极化体制的性能,提出了一种基于相位分集变极化体制的有源假目标识别方法,并组织开展了对两类有源假目标识别技术的外场验证实验。
[Abstract]:With the development of missile borne passive and active jamming technology of ballistic missile penetration against the increasingly fierce, all kinds of small size, light weight and other passive profiling balloon decoy decoy and a large number of active decoy modulated complex, composed of ballistic midcourse target group ", on the missile defense system (ABM) constitutes a serious challenges. Accurate identification of ballistic midcourse missile head from the" target group ", is the anti missile system to intercept the premise of tracking, but because of its extremely difficult, has become the bottleneck problem of the missile field faces." reject the false targets in midcourse is "complex" basic work of warhead target identification group "that is a feasible means by effectively eliminating all kinds of false targets, will provide a solid foundation for the final recognition. The warhead target radar is the core sensor of anti missile system, the warhead penetration and radar jamming The time domain, frequency domain, and fully tap the comprehensive utilization of spatial and polarization domain information, the anti missile system can from midcourse "target group" to identify the warhead has a decisive impact, polarization information can significantly improve the detection capability of anti missile radar jamming environment. The thesis is oriented in a complex electromagnetic polarization the ability to obtain information of the anti missile radar, based on point, step by step give priority to reject the false targets and to determine the overall ideas against the true target, systematic study of the passive, active decoy and radar target recognition problem, put forward to imitate the bait, recognition method of fixed polarization / complex polarization decoy / polarimetric active decoy and multi type / multi platform conditions, combined with dual polarization radar digital array experiments are conducted for verification. The work of this thesis mainly includes the following three aspects: first, no source of false target The space-time correlation recognition method for track often appear in the process of target tracking in midcourse ballistic target disruptions, "two movement" based on the characteristics, this paper proposes a path space-time correlation method, provides support for the identification of passive decoy; then according to the profile of bait and extremely passive decoy warhead it is difficult to identify similar problems, study the passive false target identification method based on the difference of cast position: through time-domain prediction and spatial correlation to obtain the target track intersection point set, and then through the node that cast location information, to achieve recognition of the subsequent cast passive false target, especially provides an important way for the profiling decoy recognition. Two, polarization domain feature recognition method of active decoy against a variety of typical polarization modulation of the active decoy system, to study the polarization domain feature recognition method into the deep. Analysis of the fixed polarization of multiple false targets, the physical nature of difference polarization of multiple false targets and false target full polarization three kinds of active decoy vector signal and echo signal vector warhead; analysis of the jammer produced multiple false target polarization ratio equation parameters, according to the echo polarization ratio of cumulative probability distribution characteristics of Statistics. Put forward to the fixed polarization of multiple false targets / variable polarization multi false target classification - detection recognition integration method; fully simulate the characteristics of warhead target frequency polarization response characteristics by using polarization decoy not based on frequency division transmission variable polarization system "three step detection recognition method. Three, complex interference under the condition of polarization radar false target identification method for specific needs of penetration noise and polarization radar system of active decoy and radar target recognition method, studies the complex interference conditions of False radar target recognition problem. Specifically, the false target deception jamming under the cover, the combined elimination of polarization on the polarization recognition is proposed; for multi platform cooperative formation angle deception false target jamming, the channel and the ratio / difference signal differences and different polarization in radar target. Put forward two yuan hypothesis testing method of interference "existence", provide an important basis for eliminating angle deception false target. According to the radar power and cost constraints, comparative analysis of the performance of different emission polarization system, put forward a kind of variable polarization system based on phase diversity of active decoy and radar target recognition method, and organize field validation experiments of two kinds of active decoy and radar target recognition technology.

【学位授予单位】：国防科学技术大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TJ761.3;TN95

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