硅基聚合物微环谐振光开关及阵列的分析模拟

发布时间：2018-03-06 16:21

本文选题：集成光电子学　切入点：光波导器件　出处：《吉林大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：光开关及阵列是光交叉连接设备、光分叉复用设备以及光路由设备中的关键器件,在光通信网络中起着非常重要的作用。相比无机电光材料,极化聚合物材料具有电光系数高、响应时间短、折射率易调整、价格低廉、制备工艺简单等优点,在电光开关、电光调制器等电光器件的制备中具有潜在的应用前景。微环谐振器(MRR)具有结构紧凑、相位易匹配等优点,从而广泛应用于光滤波器、波分复用/解复用器等器件的设计和制备中。鉴于上述考虑,本论文主要研究MRR辅助的MZI电光开关以及基于MRR滤波特性的波长选择性无源光开关阵列,设计新型器件结构,给出其分析理论和参数优化方法,计算并模拟器件性能,为实验室制备该类以及同类器件提供依据。本论文介绍了开展聚合物微环谐振光开关及阵列研究的意义。概述了光开关及阵列在光通信网络中的主要作用,介绍了光开关的分类。重点阐述了两种非谐振型波导光开关的研究进展,包括非谐振型电光开关和非谐振型热光开关,并进一步给出了微环谐振型光开关及阵列的研究现状和特点。其次,针对本论文所设计器件用到的矩形波导结构,应用微扰法和微分法分析了高折射率衬底上的五层平板波导、双金属包层型平板波导、介质吸收型矩形波导的模式特性,通过详细的理论推导,得到了各波导结构的模式特征方程和振幅衰减系数的表达式。分析了双矩形波导的定向耦合和弯曲耦合特性、矩形波导的弯曲损耗特性。给出了微环谐振理论,为微环谐振光开关及阵列的优化设计和分析模拟奠定了理论基础。采用耦合模理论、微环谐谐振理论和电光调制理论,本论文重点设计并分析模拟了三种结构可扩展型光开关及阵列器件：一、设计并优化了一种基于N阶侧向耦合微环谐振器的马赫-曾德尔干涉仪(MRR-SC-MZI)电光开关。推导了器件的输出光功率、插入损耗、串扰、3 dB带宽等表达式。在1550 nm工作波长下,优化了器件的结构参数,分析模拟了器件性能,并重点总结了开关特性随其扩展参数N的关系式。计算结果表明,所有N≥1的器件均可执行正常的开关功能,当要求驱动电压小于5V时,要求8≥N≥2。针对N=2-8的7个MRR电光开关,交叉态的驱动电压范围为0-2.32 V,直通态电压的范围为0.96-4.83 V；直通态的插入损耗为0.85-0.35dB,交叉态的插入损耗为0.14-1.70 dB；直通态的串扰范围为-20.79--31.11dB,交叉态的串扰范围为-13.86--20.36 dB。7个器件的3-dB的电学调制带宽范围为18.5-28.0 GHz；两个输出端口的3-dB光学调制带宽分别为18.1-40.0GHz和32.0-55 GHz。在相同的电光区长度和结构参数下,该MRR-SC-MZI电光开关的驱动电压比传统结构的MZI电光开关的驱动电压小10～250倍。二、设计并优化了一种2N+1阶串联耦合微环谐振马赫-曾德尔干涉仪(MRR-MZI)电光开关。给出了器件结构,推导了器件的传输光功率、插入损耗、串扰等表达式。在1550 nm工作波长下,优化了器件的结构参数,研究了器件性能与阶数N的关系。分析模拟结果表明,除了N=0对应的的一阶MRR-MZI电光开关外,其它N≥1的器件均可执行正常的开关功能。为了将此类电光开关的电压降至1.0 V以下,应选取5≥N≥2。针对N=2-5对应的4种MRR-MZI电光开关,其开关电压分别为0.99、0.73、0.57和0.47 V；直通状态的插入损耗范围为1.15～2.26 dB,交叉状态的插入损耗范围为1.95～2.42 dB；直通状态的串扰范围为-11.04～-17.82 dB,交叉状态的串扰范围为-10.34～-12.51 dB。该器件的电压-长度乘积约为0.21 V·mm。当波导和电极参数完全相同时,传统MZI电光开关电压-长度积(23.45 V·mm)约为该类器件的111.7倍。三、利用三种不同的基本开关单元,包括交叉耦合单环谐振器(CCO-MRR),交叉耦合双环谐振器(CCT-MRR)和平行耦合单环谐振器(PCO-MRR),设计了具有相同开关功能的三种4×4波长选择性开关阵列,且三种器件均具有N级级联特性,从而可将工作波长扩展至3N个。首先,优化了开关单元的结构参数。然后,给出了三种4×4波长选择性开关阵列的拓扑结构,对其开关性能做了详细的对比分析。结果显示,基于CCO-MRR和PCO-MRR的开关阵列的微环数量(4个)是基于CCT-MRR的开关阵列的一半(8个),基于PCO-MRR的开关阵列呈现出最小的插入损耗(0.02-0.6 dB)；基于CCT-MRR的开关阵列显示出最小的串扰(-38 dB)和最好的波长选择性；基于CCT-MRR和CCO-MRR的开关阵列具有相同的N级级联结构,然而,基于PCO-MRR的开关阵列由于很多的不可避免的波导交叉难以级联。针对微环谐振光开关及阵列,本论文所给出的具有可扩展性的通用结构模型、相关公式和分析方法均未见详细报道,具有一定的新意,为人们设计、模拟和制备具体器件提供了模型和理论依据。本论文的创新点如下：(1)提出一种基于侧向耦合N阶微环谐振器的马赫-曾德尔干涉仪电光开关的通用结构模型和理论推导,总结了器件性能随级数N的关系。在相同的电光区长度和结构参数下,该器件的驱动电压比传统的MZI电光开关小10-250倍。(2)提出了一种基于2N+1阶串联耦合微环谐振器的马赫-曾德尔干涉仪(MRR-MZI)电光开关的通用结构模型和理论推导,总结了器件性能随级数N的关系。N=2-5所对应的4种电光开关的开关电压均可小于1.0V。当波导和电极参数完全相同时,该器件的电压-长度积比传统MZI电光开关小111.7倍。(3)利用三种不同结构的MRR基本开关单元,设计了具有相同开关功能的三种4×4波长选择性光开关阵列,并给出了该类器件的N级级联拓扑结构,其工作波长可由单级器件的3个扩展至级联器件的3N个,从而使得该器件在复杂光片上网络中宽光谱信号的路由及开关操作方面具有潜在的价值。
[Abstract]:Is the array optical switch and optical cross connect equipment, optical branching key device multiplex equipment and optical routing equipment, plays a very important role in the optical communication network. Compared to inorganic electro-optic materials, poled polymer materials with high electro-optic coefficient, short response time, easy to adjust the refractive index, the price is low, the advantages of the preparation process simply, in the electro-optical switch, have potential applications such as electro-optic modulator electro-optic devices. In the preparation of micro ring resonator (MRR) has advantages of compact structure, easy matching phase, which is widely used in optical filter, wavelength division multiplexing / demultiplexing device design and preparation. In view of the above considerations MZI, this paper mainly researches the MRR electro optic switch and auxiliary wavelength selective passive MRR filter based on the characteristics of optical switch array, design of a new type of device structure, gives the analysis of optimization theory and the method of parameter calculation and The performance of analog devices, provide the basis for the preparation of the laboratory and similar devices. This paper introduces the development of polymer switch and optical micro ring resonant array research significance. Summarizes the main function and optical switch array in optical communication network, this paper introduces the classification of optical switch. Focuses on the research progress of two kinds of non resonant waveguide optical switch, including non resonant and non resonant electro-optical switch type thermo optic switch, and further gives the research status and characteristics of micro ring resonator and optical switch array. Secondly, the rectangular waveguide structure is designed in this paper used the device, using the perturbation method and differential method to analyze the high refractive index of five slab waveguide substrate, dual metal clad planar waveguide, mode characteristics of rectangular waveguide type dielectric absorption, through detailed theoretical derivation, the waveguide mode characteristic equations and amplitude attenuation The reduction factor expression. Analysis of the double rectangular waveguide directional coupling and bending coupling characteristics, bending loss characteristics of rectangular waveguide micro ring resonator is given. The theory laid the theoretical foundation for the optimization design and simulation analysis of micro ring resonator and optical switch array. By using the coupled mode theory, micro ring resonant harmonic theory and electro-optic modulation this paper focuses on the theory, design and simulation analysis of three kinds of structure can be extended and the optical switch array device: first, design and optimize a N order side coupled micro ring resonator based on Maher interferometer was Del (MRR-SC-MZI) electro-optic switch is deduced. The output light power device, the insertion loss and crosstalk. 3 dB bandwidth expression. At 1550 nm wavelength, the device structure optimization, simulation analysis of the performance of the device, and summarized the relationship with the switching characteristics of expanded parameter N. The calculation results show that the There are more than 1 N devices can execute normal switching function, when the driving voltage is less than 5V, 8 = N = 2. for 7 MRR optical switch N=2-8, the drive voltage range of cross state is 0-2.32 V, the range of direct state voltage for 0.96-4.83 V; through the state of the insertion loss is 0.85-0.35dB, insert the loss of cross state is 0.14-1.70 dB; range for -20.79--31.11dB state through the crosstalk and crosstalk range cross state for electrical modulation bandwidth of -13.86--20.36 dB.7 devices 3-dB 18.5-28.0 GHz; 3-dB optical modulation bandwidth of two output ports respectively for 18.1-40.0GHz and 32.0-55 GHz. in length and structure parameters of electro optic under the same the driving voltage than the conventional MZI electro optic switch with low driving voltage 10~250 times the MRR-SC-MZI optical switch. Two, the design and optimization of a 2N+1 order series coupled microring Maher had de Seoul interferometer (MRR-MZI) electro-optic switch is given. The device structure is derived, the optical transmission power device, insertion loss, crosstalk and other expressions. In the 1550 nm wavelength, the structure parameters of the device were optimized, studied the relationship between the performance of the device and the order of N. Simulation results show that in addition to the first order MRR-MZI optical switch N=0 corresponding to the N = 1, other devices can execute normal switching function. In order to make such voltage electro-optic switch is below 1 V, 5 N or greater than or equal to 2. should be selected according to the 4 MRR-MZI optical switch N=2-5, the switch voltage were 0.99,0.73,0.57 and 0.47 V; through state insertion the loss range is 1.15 ~ 2.26 dB, insertion loss range of cross state is 1.95 ~ 2.42 dB; through the crosstalk is -11.04 ~ -17.82 range of state dB, crosstalk is -10.34 to cross state range of -12.51 dB. voltage of the device length product About 0.21 V mm. when the waveguide and electrode parameters are identical, the traditional MZI optical switch voltage - length product (23.45 V mm) is about 111.7 times of the devices. In three, the three basic switch units, including cross coupled single ring resonator (CCO-MRR), cross coupled double ring resonator (CCT-MRR) and parallel coupled single ring resonator (PCO-MRR), three 4 * 4 wavelength selective switch array with the same switch function is designed, and the three kinds of devices have N cascade characteristics, can be extended to the working wavelength of 3N. Firstly, the optimization of structure parameters of the switch unit. Then, given the topology of three 4 x 4 wavelength selective switch array, the performance of the switch to do a detailed analysis. The results showed that the number of micro ring switch array based on PCO-MRR and CCO-MRR (4) is based on the half switch array CCT-MRR (8), based on PCO-MRR The switch array showed a minimum insertion loss (0.02-0.6 dB); CCT-MRR switch array showed minimal Crosstalk Based on (-38 dB) and the best wavelength selective switch array; CCT-MRR and CCO-MRR based on N cascade structure of the same, however, based on the switch array PCO-MRR because many of the inevitable difficult to cross the cascade for micro ring resonator optical switch and array, with a scalable general structure model of this paper gives the related formulas and analysis methods have not been reported in detail, and have some new ideas, for people to design, simulation and preparation of specific devices provide model and theoretical basis. The innovations of this thesis are as follows: (1) proposed a N order side coupled micro ring resonator based on Maher interferometer was Del electro-optic switch general structure model and theory, with the N series device performance summary. The length and structure of electro-optical system. Under the same parameters, the driving voltage of this device is 10-250 times smaller than the traditional MZI optical switch. (2) proposed a series coupled microring resonator Maher had Del interferometer based on order 2N+1 (MRR-MZI) electro-optic switch general structure model and theoretical derivation, switch 4 kinds of electro-optic voltage can be.N=2-5 corresponding relationship with the N series device performance summary of the switch is less than 1.0V. when the waveguide and electrode parameters are identical, the length of the product - voltage of the device is 111.7 times smaller than the traditional MZI electro-optic switch. (3) using three different structure of the MRR switch unit is designed optical switch array three 4 x 4 has the same wavelength selective switch function, and N cascade topology structure of this kind of devices are given, the working wavelength of 3 3N can be extended to the cascade device single stage device, which makes the device in the complex The potential value of optical network on chip wide spectrum signal routing and switching operation.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN929.1

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