基于运动平台的合成孔径激光雷达成像算法研究

发布时间：2018-03-15 22:23

本文选题：合成孔径激光雷达　切入点：运动平台　出处：《中国科学院研究生院(上海技术物理研究所)》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：合成孔径激光雷达是合成孔径雷达与激光雷达的结合,可以突破微波的衍射极限,是实现厘米量级超高分辨率的唯一光学手段,在遥感领域的应用前景很广阔。由于激光波长较短,合成孔径激光雷达对于平台振动非常敏感,所以对运动平台成像的算法研究是重要的课题。论文主要针对基于运动平台的合成孔径激光雷达成像算法进行了深入研究。建立了基于相位编码体制的合成孔径激光雷达仿真模型,分别由实测的POS数据分析了机载环境下航线偏移以及实验室桌面系统对平台机械振动带来的光程变化进行了观测与分析。根据分析结果在系统上提出使用距离向交错的差分合成孔径激光雷达接收镜头抑制平台振动的方法,并对该方法有效性进行了仿真。此外,在算法上针对运动平台带来的非理想光程变化,提出采用优化算法对相位误差进行抑制的方法,并且采用压缩之后的差分数据1-范数当作优化算法的评价函数。利用桌面成像系统和外场演示系统实验的数据进行了成像,验证了优化算法进行相位补偿的有效性。论文的创新点主要有以下几个方面:1对距离向编码压缩进行研究,首次提出在激光雷达中使用利用M矩阵矩阵相乘的办法实现脉冲压缩,对旁瓣进行压制。2首次提出距离向上交错的差分合成孔径激光雷达接收系统,并利用实测POS数据对该系统进行了仿真,为差分合成孔径激光雷达的工程化提供了可能。3首次提出采用lerangd多项式对非理想光程变化建模,使用优化算法对回波相位进行补偿的方法以抑制由非理想光程变化带来的相位误差,利用压缩之后的差分数据1-范数作为压缩质量评价函数。
[Abstract]:Synthetic Aperture Lidar (SAR) is a combination of SAR and Lidar, which can break through the diffraction limit of microwave, and is the only optical means to achieve ultra-high resolution in centimeter order. Because of the short wavelength of laser, synthetic aperture lidar is very sensitive to platform vibration. Therefore, it is an important task to study the imaging algorithm of moving platform. This paper mainly focuses on the synthetic aperture lidar imaging algorithm based on moving platform, and establishes the synthetic aperture based on phase coding system. Lidar simulation model, The path offset in airborne environment and the optical path change caused by mechanical vibration of platform are observed and analyzed by the measured POS data respectively. Based on the analysis results, the range direction of the system is proposed. Staggered differential synthetic Aperture Lidar receiver lens suppression of platform vibration, The effectiveness of the method is simulated. In addition, an optimization algorithm is proposed to suppress the phase error in view of the non-ideal optical path changes brought by the moving platform. The compressed difference data 1-norm is used as the evaluation function of the optimization algorithm, and the experimental data of the desktop imaging system and the field demonstration system are used to image the image. The effectiveness of the optimized algorithm for phase compensation is verified. The main innovations of this paper are as follows: 1. It is the first time to use M-matrix matrix multiplication method to realize pulse compression in lidar, and to suppress sidelobe .2 for the first time, a differential synthetic aperture lidar receiving system with range up interleaving is proposed for the first time. The system is simulated by using the measured POS data, which provides the possibility of using lerangd polynomial to model the non-ideal optical path variation of differential synthetic aperture lidar (DSAR) for the first time. An optimization algorithm is used to compensate the echo phase to suppress the phase error caused by the variation of the non-ideal optical path. The compressed difference data 1-norm is used as the compression quality evaluation function.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学院研究生院(上海技术物理研究所)
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN957.52

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