卫星导航自适应抗干扰阵列天线及短波天线调谐器研究

发布时间：2018-03-18 06:46

本文选题：导航自适应抗干扰阵列　切入点：导航天线　出处：《西安电子科技大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：卫星导航系统具有大范围、全天候、全天时高精度定位、测速和提供定时服务的能力,在国防和国民经济各个领域得到了广泛应用。然而由于卫星导航信号到达地面信号极其微弱,又工作在复杂电磁环境下,很容易受到无意的或者人为的干扰。因此导航系统抗干扰技术已经成为卫星导航领域内的研究热点。导航抗干扰领域中,利用天线阵列设计的卫星导航自适应抗干扰阵列天线被大量学者研究。本文将以此为重点展开研究。人们将利用处于短波频段的电磁波进行无线电通信的方式称为短波通信,此种通信方式不论是在民用领域还是在军事领域中都获得了持久、广泛的应用。短波天线是短波通信系统的关键部件,为了追求更好的短波通信效果,大量研究人员对短波天线进行了持续、深入的研究,短波天线也是本文研究内容之一。本文主要内容概括如下：1.本文首先对目前使用的导航空域自适应抗干扰技术进行了介绍,并对自适应抗干扰算法进行了建模仿真,针对目前在自适应抗干扰天线仿真方面存在的抗干扰性能无法验证的问题,使用了ansys HFSS仿真软件全波仿真和Matlab联合仿真的方法,以优化阵列抗低仰角来向干扰的性能为主要目标,对阵列天线进行了选型,总结出阵列选型工作方面的仿真方法和指导性结论。2.针对目前导航阵列中小型化天线单元存在的依赖高介电常数介质板和带宽不足的问题,本文利用微带天线传输线模型理论,对微带天线短路加载技术进行了研究,提出了一种新型短路加载结构,在实现天线小型化同时能获得更宽的带宽。并以此技术为基础设计了不同馈电形式的圆极化导航微带天线。仿真实测结果证明这种耦合短路结构可以使得短路加载天线获得更宽的带宽。3.除了实现单频短路加载微带天线的宽带化以外,本文继续利用短路加载微带天线传输线模型,提出了一种新型双耦合短路加载结构,成功实现了短路加载微带天线的双频化,并利用此结构设计了两款分别应用于双频GPS和宽带GNSS系统的双点频和双宽带微带天线。相比于其他文献发表的同类天线,本文提出的天线,在尺寸减小的同时,还具有较宽的带宽并具有低成本、易加工、辐射效率高和低仰角性能好等优点。4除此之外,针对天线尺寸对天线性能的限制问题,本文对导航可重构天线进行了研究,利用LC短路加载的可调性,通过调整电感和电容这两种方式,设计了两款应用于卫星导航系统的短路加载可重构天线。仿真实测结果证明可重构方案可以使得导航天线在保持性能同时,尺寸进一步减小。5短波天线也是本文研究内容的一部分,本文首先对短波电小天线的匹配技术进行了介绍。针对目前短波天线矢量天线调谐器体积过大的问题,对天线调谐器的调谐原理进行了修改,首先通过可变电感调谐实现输入阻抗虚部为零,再通过简单的匹配网络对输入阻抗实部进行匹配,虚部实部分开调谐使得匹配网络尺寸大大减小,并以此为基础设计了一款小型化、大功率的短波天线调谐器。
[Abstract]:The satellite navigation system has a wide range, all-weather, all day long time high precision positioning, velocity and timing ability provide services, has been widely used in national defense and national economy fields. However, due to the satellite navigation signal reaches the ground signal is extremely weak, and work in the complicated electromagnetic environment, easily by accident or man-made interference anti interference technology of navigation system. It has become a hot topic in the field of satellite navigation. Navigation interference in the field of research on Anti-jamming antenna array by a large number of studies using satellite navigation adaptive antenna array design. This paper will research on the focus. People will use electromagnetic wave in short wave band radio communication method call for HF communication, such communication either in the field or in the civilian military field have achieved a durable, widely used. Short wave antenna Is the key of the shortwave communication system, in order to pursue a better effect of shortwave communication, a large number of researchers are continuing to shortwave antenna, in-depth study of shortwave antenna is studied in this paper. The main contents of this paper are summarized as follows: 1. firstly, navigation spatial adaptive currently used anti-jamming technology are introduced, and the adaptive anti jamming algorithm of modeling and simulation, according to the anti-jamming performance of existing anti-jamming antenna simulation on adaptive problems could not be verified, using the method of CO simulation of ANSYS HFSS simulation software and Matlab full wave simulation, to optimize the array of low elevation to anti interference performance as the main target, the selection of antenna array, summed up the work of the selection of array simulation methods and conclusions for the current.2. navigation array miniaturization antenna unit in existence Lack of high-k dielectric plate and depends on the bandwidth problem, this paper using microstrip antenna transmission line model, the technology of short circuit loaded microstrip antenna is studied, put forward a new fault loading structure, in the realization of miniaturization of antenna and can get more bandwidth. And this technology is designed on the basis of different feeding form circularly polarized microstrip antenna. The navigation simulation experimental results prove that this coupling can make the short circuit short circuit structure loaded antenna gain a wider bandwidth than.3. broadband single frequency short circuit loaded microstrip antenna, the continued use of short-circuit loaded microstrip antenna transmission line model, put forward a new type of double coupling circuit loaded structure, the successful implementation of the dual frequency of short circuit loaded microstrip antenna, and the design of the double point two models were applied to dual frequency GPS and broadband GNSS system with wide frequency and dual micro by this structure. With similar antenna antenna. Compared to other published literature, the antenna is put forward in this paper, the reduced size at the same time, also has wide bandwidth and low cost, easy processing, high radiation efficiency and low elevation performance advantages of.4 in addition to the size of the antenna on the limitation of linear to this day. Navigation of reconfigurable antenna is studied, using LC short circuit loading is obtained, by adjusting the inductance and capacitance of the two methods, the short circuit load designed two applications to the satellite navigation system of reconfigurable antenna. The simulation test results show that the reconfigurable scheme can make the navigation antenna in maintaining performance at the same time, a further decrease the size of.5 shortwave antenna is studied in this paper and the content of the first matching technology of HF electrically small antenna are introduced. Aiming at the shortwave antenna vector antenna tuner for large volume of questions. The tuning principle of antenna tuner is modified, first by variable inductance tuning input imaginary impedance is zero, then the matching network is simple to input impedance matching, the real and the imaginary part separately tuned matching network size is greatly reduced, and on this basis to design a miniaturized shortwave antenna tuner high power.

【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN965.2

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