频控阵雷达阵列优化设计及其目标参数估计方法研究

发布时间：2018-04-03 07:22

本文选题：频控阵雷达　切入点：点波束　出处：《电子科技大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：新体制频控阵雷达与传统的相控阵雷达主要的差别是前者的各阵元采用不同的发射信号载频。这种不同载频之间的频率偏差一般随阵元位置线性递增。频控阵的频率偏移导致其空间传播波束不但与方向角相关,也与距离相关。因此,除了具有相控阵方面的应用,频控阵在抑制干扰、目标识别和射频隐身等方面也具有较大的应用潜力。本文针对频控阵波束方向图的距离依赖特性,系统研究了频控阵雷达阵列优化设计及其目标参数估计方法,并探索研究了基于频控阵的雷达射频隐身方法,主要研究工作和创新点包括：(1)提出了两种分别基于多载波发射和非线性频率偏移的频控阵雷达发射阵列方向图去耦合方法：第一种方法是每个阵元采用多载频发射方式,该方法的优点是可以分别对频控阵方向图的距离维和角度维进行控制,其缺点是硬件实现比较困难；第二种方法是采用非线性递增的频率偏移,以期实现不连续空间波束。同时,针对频控阵波束方向图的时变特性,本文基于第一种频控阵阵列结构提出了一个基于时变加权的时不变发射波束方向图优化算法。针对第二种频控阵阵列结构,本文分别从阵列方向图和目标参数估计方面做了详细的性能比较和分析。(2)研究了频控阵频率偏移误差对阵列方向图的影响：针对频控阵频率偏移可能存在误差的问题,本文分析了频率偏移误差对频控阵波束方向图的影响,给出了确定性频率偏移误差导致的波束方向图偏移关系式,并推导了随机频率偏移误差下的波束方向图误差界。进而,分别假设随机频率偏移误差服从高斯分布和均匀分布,推导了波束方向图在期望位置的均值,方差和概率密度分布函数,并进行了仿真分析。(3)研究了基于频控阵和多输入多输出混合结构的新体制阵列雷达及其目标距离-方位角联合估计的方法：主要研究了频控阵MIMO雷达在抑制距离依赖性干扰方面的应用。仿真结果显示频控阵MIMO雷达在抑制距离相关性干扰方面具有明显优势,其信干噪比性能优于传统的MIMO雷达技术。本文还利用频控阵MIMO雷达波束的距离和角度相关性,研究了基于频控阵MIMO雷达的目标距离和方位角联合估计方法,并推导了其理论克拉美罗界、理论最小均方误差、理论分辨力和理论分辨率界等性能。由于这种二维空间上算法的复杂度比较高,本文还提出了一种具有低复杂度的目标参数估计算法。(4)提出了一种基于CRLB最小化的频控阵发射阵列优化设计方法。为了提高频控阵估计目标参数的性能,本文提出了一种基于CRLB最小化的频控阵MIMO雷达发射阵列优化设计方法。该方法将频控阵分为多个子阵列,从而将MIMO雷达的灵活度和频控阵的定向性有效结合。同时,建立了基于CRLB最小化的约束优化问题,进而再转化成凸优化问题来求解。仿真结果表明,这种优化设计方法能够有效提高频控阵MIMO雷达对目标参数的估计性能。(5)提出了一种基于频控阵的低截获认知雷达目标探测方法。借鉴认知雷达的思想,该方法的处理步骤为：第一步,频控阵MIMO雷达接收机对目标参数进行初步估计；第二步根据目标处能量最小化和接收机能量最大化进行加权向量优化,其中第二步综合应用了凸优化和二分法技术,并利用秩约束算法求得其加权向量。仿真结果显示,与随机近似算法相比这种算法在检测性能上有大幅度提高,即该方法可以有效降低雷达被截获的概率。
[Abstract]:The new system of phased array radar frequency and traditional phased array radar, the main difference is that the former of the array element using the emission signal carrier frequency. The frequency deviation between the different frequency with the array position. A linear increasing frequency offset frequency phased array due to the propagation of beam direction angle and not only related with the distance. Therefore, in addition to the application of phased array, phased array in frequency interference suppression, target recognition and RF stealth etc also has great application potential. In this paper the frequency phased array beampatterns distance dependent frequency phased array radar array optimization design and parameter estimation method was studied, and the research methods frequency phased array radar based on RF stealth, the main research work and innovation include: (1) put forward two kinds based on multi carrier frequency offset and nonlinear frequency phased array radar To transmit array coupling method. The first method is each array element using multicarrier transmission, the advantage of this method is to control the distance and angle dimension of frequency control arrays, the disadvantages of hardware implementation is difficult; the second method is by increasing the frequency offset, discontinuity in order to beam space. At the same time, according to the frequency phased array beampattern time-varying characteristics, this paper first frequency control array structure is proposed based on invariant transmit beampattern optimization algorithm based on a time-varying weighting. According to the second kinds of frequency control array structure, this paper from the array pattern and target parameters the estimation of the comparison and analysis with the performance. (2) to study the effects of frequency offset in frequency phased array antenna array: frequency phased array for frequency offset may exist error, the This paper analyzes the effect of frequency offset in frequency phased array beam pattern, beam direction leads to deterministic frequency offset error map migration relation is given, and the direction of the beam under the random frequency offset error figure error bound is derived. Then, respectively, under the assumption that the random frequency offset error obeys Gauss distribution and uniform distribution, deduced beam the direction map in the desired position of the mean, variance and probability distribution function, and a simulation analysis was carried out. (3) studied the method of frequency phased array and multi input multi output system of new hybrid structure and array radar target range azimuth estimation based on frequency: the main study of phased array MIMO radar in the application of inhibition the distance dependent interference. Simulation results show that the frequency phased array MIMO radar has obvious advantages in the inhibition of distance correlation interference, the SINR of MIMO radar is superior to the traditional We also use the technology. Frequency phased array MIMO radar beam distance and angle correlation of frequency phased array MIMO radar target distance and azimuth estimation method based on the theory, and the Cramer Rao bound is derived, the theory of minimum mean square error, the theoretical resolution resolution of world power and the theory of performance. Because of this two-dimensional the space complexity of the algorithm is relatively high, this paper also presents a complex target with low parameter estimation algorithm. (4) proposed a phased array emitter array optimization design method of CRLB based on the minimum frequency. In order to improve the performance of frequency phased array target parameter estimation, this paper proposes a CRLB minimization frequency control based on optimization design method of array MIMO radar array emission. The method of frequency phased array is divided into multiple sub arrays, which effectively combines directional MIMO radar flexibility and frequency phased array. At the same time, based on CRLB The minimization of constrained optimization problems, and then transformed into a convex optimization problem. The simulation results show that this optimization method can effectively improve the estimation performance of MIMO radar array parameters of target frequency control. (5) proposed a target detection method for low interception frequency phased array based on Lei Damu cognitive reference. The idea of cognitive radar and the processing steps of the method are: first, frequency phased array MIMO radar receiver for preliminary estimation of target parameters; second step weighted vector optimization according to target energy minimization and receiver maximum energy for the second step, the comprehensive application of the convex optimization technique and dichotomy, and obtain its weighting vector by using rank constraint algorithm simulation. The results showed that compared with the algorithm of stochastic approximation algorithm in the detection performance is greatly improved, the method can effectively reduce the radar intercept probability.

【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN958

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