弯曲光纤干涉型传感器的制备及特性研究

发布时间：2018-04-12 19:17

本文选题：光纤传感器 + 光纤弯曲损耗　；参考：《大连理工大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：光纤传感技术是伴随光导纤维、光电子及光纤通信技术的发展而迅速发展起来的一种新型传感技术,正逐渐成为一个衡量国家信息化发展程度的标志之一。由于光纤传感器具有结构小、抗电磁干扰能力强、复用能力强、易于构建传感网络等优点,具有广泛的应用价值,受到越来越多的关注。本论文根据对当前光纤传感器发展现状的分析,以基于弯曲光纤的干涉型光纤传感器的研究为出发点,以简化传感器的制作工艺、提高传感器性能(包括探测精度、灵敏度及稳定性)等为研究目标,进行了可用于双通道检测和消除温度交叉敏感的传感器结构、弯曲干涉结构的双通道折射率传感器、基于锥形光纤的温度灵敏度可调谐法布里-珀罗干涉仪等多种传感器设计、制备、测试分析和优化,实现了多种新型干涉型光纤传感器的研究与应用。论文的主要工作如下：1.将光纤弯曲损耗的物理机制与光纤马赫-曾德干涉原理相结合,设计和实现了一种基于弯曲光纤干涉的传感器结构。通过对该传感器结构的工作原理进行分析,得出了该结构可用作环境折射率传感的结论,并在实验上验证了其传感性能。通过控制弯曲角度得到不同的传感器结构,并对其折射率传感特性进行实验分析,得到最高的折射率灵敏度可达204nm/RIU。同时,通过改变弯曲角度,制备具有不同弯曲角度的干涉结构,并对不同弯曲角度的光纤干涉结构进行灵敏度分析。2.设计了一种基于波长调制的光纤弯曲结构的传感器,对设计原理与制备方法进行了阐述,并对该传感器结构的折射率与温度传感特性进行实验研究。进而,根据波长调制光纤弯曲结构的特点,提出了一种新型的双通道光纤干涉传感器,实验表明：两个通道可以进行无串扰的双通道测量,通过对其温度传感特性进行分析得出：在低于25℃的环境中,双通道的传感器可以实现温度不敏感的折射率测量目标；由于两个通道的温度响应极为接近,这样有益于实现温度自补偿的测量目标。3.为进一步优化基于光纤弯曲结构传感器的性能,将光纤弯曲结构与长周期光纤光栅进行复用,实现了温度与折射率双参量的同时测量,采用相对波长变化的解调方式实现了温度补偿,得到温度不敏感的折射率测量结果。为解决干涉结构透射谱的带宽较宽而严重影响探测精度和分辨率的问题,将弯曲干涉结构与环形激光器相结合,构建了一种基于环形激光器的折射率传感器系统,实现了高精度的基于光纤环形激光器的折射率传感系统。4.针对光纤法布里-珀罗(Fabry-Perot, FP)干涉仪在传感应用过程中存在的温度交叉敏感问题,提出了利用在光纤FP腔内引入具有自由度的反射端面的结构优化方案,有效地解决了FP干涉仪的温度交叉敏感问题。将理论与实验相结合,对该光纤FP干涉仪结构的温度特性进行了分析,得出了其等效热膨胀系数：通过优化设计参数,成功制备了传感器结构,实现了温度响应的调节,并证明了优化方案的可行性；对光纤FP干涉仪应变特性的研究表明该传感结构具有良好的温度免疫性、机械强度和稳定性。
[Abstract]:Optical fiber sensing technology with optical fiber sensing technology, a new development of optoelectronic and optical fiber communication technology is developing rapidly, it has gradually become one of the signs of a measure of national informatization level. Because the optical fiber sensor has the advantages of small structure, anti electromagnetic interference ability, high reusability, easy to build sensor networks etc. and has wide application value, has attracted more and more attention. This paper based on the analysis of the current status of the development of optical fiber sensor, point to research on interferometric fiber optic sensor based on optical fiber bending is, to simplify the fabrication process of the sensor, improve the sensor performance (including detection accuracy, sensitivity and stability) as the research object that can be used for dual channel detection and elimination of temperature sensor cross sensitivity of refractive index sensor, dual channel interference structure based on bending. The tapered optical fiber temperature sensitivity tunable Fabri Perot interferometer and other sensor design, preparation, testing analysis and optimization, the research and application of several novel interferometric fiber optic sensor. The main work is as follows: 1. the physical mechanism and fiber Maher Ceng De bending loss of optical fiber interference principle of combination design and the realization of a bend sensor structure based on fiber interferometer. By analyzing the work principle of the sensor structure, the structure can be used as the ambient refractive index sensing results, and experimentally verified. The sensing performance by different sensor structure by controlling the bending angle and the refractive index sensing characteristics through experimental analysis, get the highest refractive index sensitivity is 204nm/RIU. at the same time, by changing the bending angle, the interference nodes were prepared with different bending angles of the structure, and The bending angle of the optical fiber interference structure sensitivity analysis.2. design of a fiber sensor based on wavelength modulation of the bent structure, the design principle and preparation methods were introduced, and the refractive index and temperature sensing properties of the sensor structure were investigated. Then, according to the characteristics of wavelength modulation optical fiber bending structure and put forward a new type of dual channel optical fiber interferometric sensor, experimental results show that the two channels can be dual channel measurement without crosstalk, through the temperature sensing characteristics analysis: at less than 25 degrees Celsius in the environment, the dual channel sensor can achieve the temperature refractive index measurement target for two; the temperature of the channel response is very close, it is beneficial to realize the temperature measurement of target.3. compensation in order to further optimize the performance of optical fiber bending sensor based on the structure. Fiber bending structure reuse and long period fiber grating, the refractive index and temperature measurement of two parameters at the same time, the relative wavelength demodulation method realizes temperature compensation, temperature refractive index measurement results. In order to solve the interference structure of the transmission spectrum of wide bandwidth and seriously affect the accuracy and resolution of the problem the bending structure and interference, ring laser combination, constructs a ring laser refraction rate sensor system based on the birefringent fiber ring laser.4. sensing system based on optical fiber rate Fabri Perot based on high precision (Fabry-Perot, FP) interference exists in the sensing application process instrument temperature cross sensitivity problem, put forward the introduction of structure optimization scheme with reflector freedom in optical fiber FP cavity, effectively solves the FP interferometer temperature cross sensitivity The problem will be. The combination of theory and practice, the temperature characteristic of the optical fiber FP interferometer instrument structure is analyzed, the equivalent thermal expansion coefficient: by optimizing the design parameters, the structure of the sensor was successfully prepared, adjust the temperature response, and proved the feasibility of Optimization Research for strain characteristics of fiber; FP interference shows that the sensing structure has good immunity temperature, mechanical strength and stability.

【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TP212

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