宽带双频微带反射阵及宽带透射阵天线研究

发布时间：2018-04-23 02:04

本文选题：微带反射阵 + 透射阵列天线　；参考：《中国科学院国家空间科学中心》2017年博士论文

【摘要】：现代远距离通信系统对高增益天线的需求越来越广泛,而传统的各种高增益天线都具有它们各自的缺点。微带反射阵列天线和透射阵列天线在一定程度上弥补了它们的缺点,在天线结构和性能方面具有较明显的优势,比如它们的低剖面、平面结构、体积小、重量轻、效率较高、功能灵活,加工成本低等优点都是传统高增益天线所不具有的。本文围绕微带反射阵天线和透射阵天线展开研究,主要包括对宽带和双频反射阵天线、宽带透射阵天线以及双频反射/透射阵列天线的研究设计与分析,详细内容如下:1、宽带反射阵的研究设计与分析。文章中系统的总结了反射阵实现宽带特性的方法和详细的分析了制约反射阵带宽的因素,从单元带宽这一因素入手,分别基于采用多谐振结构、亚波长技术和加载相位延迟线单元结构这三种拓展带宽方法的基本思想,提出了五种新型的反射阵单元形式,分别是:旋转嵌套六边形单元、地板开缝贴片单元、四臂阿基米德螺旋单元、亚波长多臂阿基米德螺旋单元、圆环加载双相位延迟线单元。单元都具有良好的反射特性,其反射相位范围远超过360°,反射相位曲线的线性度良好,入射波斜入射对单元的反射特性的影响很小,而且单元在不同频率处的反射相位曲线之间的平行度良好。采用这些单元分别进行反射阵的设计、仿真、加工和测试,实测结果表明所设计的反射阵具有良好的辐射特性,且具有较宽的增益带宽。尤其对于阿基米德螺旋单元,本文率先提出将其应用于反射阵的设计,并得到了良好带宽特性和较高的口径效率。将亚波长技术与多臂阿基米德螺旋单元相结合得出的亚波长多臂螺旋单元突破了传统亚波长单元的反射相位范围小于360°的限制,实现了500°的反射相移。此外,采用圆环加载双相位延迟线单元设计的反射阵其带宽特性达到了业内领先水平。2、单层双频反射阵的研究设计与分析。首先采用双平行振子单元设计了一个频段间隔较近的X/Ku双频双极化反射阵,实测结果表明了反射阵良好的双频双极化辐射性能,在两个频段的中心频率处均具有较高的口径效率,但是天线在两个频段内的带宽较窄。针对这一问题,接着采用六平行振子单元设计了一个偏馈的双频双极化反射阵,实测结果表明相比于双平行振子单元设计的反射阵,该反射阵具有更好的带宽特性。然后分析采用普通的双圆环单元实现反射阵双频工作的可行性,结合了亚波长技术的思想,合理的选择单元的栅格周期及优化其他参数,设计了一个频段间隔较远的Ku/Ka双频反射阵。最后基于亚波长技术提出了一种嵌套圆环加载相位延迟线单元,采用该单元进行频段间隔较远的X/Ku双频反射阵的设计、加工及测试。3、宽带透射阵的研究设计与分析。基于宽带反射阵单元的设计方法及思想,本文提出了两个新型的宽带透射阵单元形式,分别为三层圆环加载相位延迟线单元和四层圆环加载双相位延迟线缝隙单元,它们均具有良好的透射特性,透射相位范围均超过了360°,而且透射损耗均较小,而且入射波入射角对单元的透射特性影响较小。采用这两种单元分别设计了一个透射阵列天线,仿真结果表明这两个透射阵天线均具有良好的辐射特性和带宽特性。4、反射/透射阵列天线的研究设计与分析。基于采用频率选择表面(FSS)实现双频反射阵的思想,本文提出了一个可以同时工作于反射和透射模式的双频反射/透射阵列天线,该天线在13.85GHz和8GHz处分别工作于反射和透射模式,仿真和实测结果表明该天线在两个模式内分别具有良好的反射和透射性能。该反射/透射阵天线在多频率复用方面具有很大的应用潜力。
[Abstract]:The demand for high gain antennas is becoming more and more widespread in modern long distance communication systems, and the traditional high gain antennas have their own shortcomings. The microstrip reflector array antenna and transmission array antenna make up for their shortcomings to some extent, and have obvious advantages in antenna structure and performance square masks, such as their low profile. The advantages of the planar structure, the small size, the light weight, the high efficiency, the flexible function and the low processing cost are all not available for the traditional high gain antenna. This paper focuses on the microstrip reflector antenna and the transmission array antenna, mainly including the wideband and dual frequency reflexive antenna, the broadband transmission array antenna and the dual frequency reflection / transmission array antenna. The research design and analysis are as follows: 1, the design and analysis of the wideband reflective array. The paper systematically summarizes the method of the wideband characteristics of the reflection array and analyzes the factors that restrict the bandwidth of the reflective array. Starting with the element bandwidth, it is based on the multi resonant structure, subwavelength technology and the loading phase respectively. The basic idea of three kinds of extended bandwidth method for delay line unit structure, five new types of reflective array elements are proposed, which are rotating nested hexagonal unit, floor slit patch unit, four arm Archimedes spiral unit, subwavelength multi arm Archimedes spiral unit, and ring loaded double phase delay line unit. The reflection phase range is far more than 360 degrees, and the linearity of the reflected phase curve is good. The oblique incidence of the incident wave has little influence on the reflection characteristics of the unit, and the parallelism between the reflected phase curves at different frequencies is good. The design, simulation, processing and testing of the reflection array are used. The measured results show that the designed reflection array has good radiation characteristics and has a wide gain bandwidth. Especially for Archimedes spiral element, this paper first proposed the design of the reflection array, and obtained good bandwidth characteristics and higher caliber efficiency. The subwavelength technology and the multi arm Archimedes spiral element are combined. The subwavelength multi arm helix unit breaks through the limitation that the reflection phase range of the traditional sub wavelength unit is less than 360 degrees, and achieves the reflection phase shift of 500 degrees. In addition, the bandwidth characteristics of the reflexes designed by the ring loaded double phase delay line unit have reached the leading level of.2 in the industry, and the design and analysis of the single-layer double frequency reflexes are designed and analyzed. First, a double frequency double polarization reflexive array of X/Ku is designed with a double parallel oscillator unit. The measured results show that the dual frequency and dual polarization radiation performance of the reflector is good. It has high aperture efficiency at the center frequency of the two frequency bands, but the bandwidth of the antenna is narrow in the two frequency bands. A double frequency dual polarization reflexion array with a partial feed is designed with six parallel oscillator units. The measured results show that the reflexes have better bandwidth characteristics than the reflexes designed by the double parallel oscillator unit. Then, the feasibility of the dual frequency work of the reflective array is realized by using a common double ring element, and the thought of the subwavelength technique is combined. The design of a Ku/Ka dual frequency reflection array with a long frequency interval is designed to select the grid cycle of the unit and other parameters. Finally, a nested ring loaded phase delay line unit is proposed based on the subwavelength technology, and the design of a X/Ku dual frequency reflector with a far distance is used to process and test the.3 and broadband penetration. Based on the design method and thought of the wideband reflective array unit, two new broadband transmission array elements are proposed, which are three layers of ring loaded phase delay line unit and four layer ring loaded double phase delay line slot unit. All of them have good transmission characteristics and transmission phase range are all More than 360 degrees, and the transmission loss is small, and the incidence angle of the incident wave has little influence on the transmission characteristics of the unit. A transmission array antenna is designed by these two elements. The simulation results show that the two transmission antennas have good radiation characteristics and bandwidth specificity.4. Based on the idea of using frequency selective surface (FSS) to realize dual frequency reflection array, this paper presents a dual frequency reflective / transmission array antenna that can work simultaneously in reflection and transmission modes. The antenna operates at the reflection and transmission modes at 13.85GHz and 8GHz respectively. The simulation and measurement results show that the antenna is in two modes. It has good reflection and transmission performance. The reflector / transmission array antenna has great potential in multifrequency reuse.

【学位授予单位】：中国科学院国家空间科学中心
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN822

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