基于无机纳米复合材料和有机薄膜材料的生物传感器研究

发布时间：2018-05-08 13:50

本文选题：生物传感器 + 电化学　；参考：《吉林大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：生物传感器是发展生物技术必不可少的一个组成部分,一直以来都受到了研究者的广泛关注。其中电化学生物传感器和有机薄膜场效应晶体管生物传感器是两种非常具有代表性的生物传感器,二者均具有检测速度快、灵敏度高、操作简单和应用范围广等优点。与此同时,纳米复合材料和有机薄膜材料等功能性材料的飞速发展,也为生物传感器的发展带来了新的机遇与挑战。尽管生物传感器的研究在近些年来取得了一定的进展,但在实际应用中仍存在很多不足。因此,本论文主要研究了无机纳米复合材料在电化学传感器中的应用,并且还设计了有望在生物传感领域得到实际应用的有机薄膜场效应晶体管生物传感器,取得的成果如下:1.采用静电纺丝法和种子生长法制备了银(Ag)纳米颗粒包覆的氧化镍(Ni O)纳米线(直径约130nm)。将制备的纳米复合材料滴涂在玻碳电极上,得到了用于无酶葡萄糖检测的电化学生物传感器电极。通过对测试结果分析得出,Ag纳米颗粒能够有效地促进Ni O纳米线的无酶葡萄糖传感性能。传感器线性范围为0-1.28m M,并且具有良好的选择性。2.利用原位生长法在氧化石墨烯(GO)表面负载了不同比例的氧化铜(Cu O)纳米颗粒,并将其修饰在玻碳电极表面,制备出Cu O/GO复合材料修饰电极。研究了反应温度及不同Cu O纳米颗粒负载量对颗粒大小及形貌的影响。并探讨了不同反应条件下得到的Cu O/GO复合材料修饰电极的葡萄糖传感性能,器件的最低检测下限为0.69μM。同时,进行了人血清环境下的实际测量,证明器件具有很好的应用前景。3.通过柠檬酸钠在GO表面还原三价金(Au3+)合成了一系列不同金(Au)纳米颗粒负载量的Au/GO纳米复合材料。制备了Au/GO纳米复合材料修饰电极,并将其用于抗坏血酸无酶检测,检测下限为100n M/m L。同时,进行了器件在人血清环境下和医用药物环境下的抗坏血酸浓度测试,误差范围均未超过10%。4.设计了一种灵敏度很高的有机薄膜场效应晶体管生物传感器,用来测定溶液中的蛋白浓度。通过对神经胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)进行检测,结果表明,器件具有良好的灵敏度,检测下限为4ng/m L。为避免在测试过程中蛋白质所处的待测溶液会渗入半导体层,我们引入了浮置栅极结构,将器件的测试区转移到浮置栅极上,有效地改善了器件的稳定性。
[Abstract]:Biosensor is an indispensable component of the development of biotechnology, has been widely concerned by researchers. Among them, electrochemical biosensor and organic thin film field-effect transistor biosensor are two very representative biosensors, both of which have the advantages of high detection speed, high sensitivity, simple operation and wide application. At the same time, the rapid development of functional materials, such as nanocomposites and organic film materials, has brought new opportunities and challenges to the development of biosensors. Although the research of biosensors has made some progress in recent years, there are still many shortcomings in practical applications. Therefore, the application of inorganic nanocomposites in electrochemical sensors is mainly studied in this paper, and the organic thin-film field-effect transistor biosensors which are expected to be applied in the biosensor field are designed. The results are as follows: 1. Ag-Ag nanowires (diameter about 130 nm) were prepared by electrospinning method and seed growth method. The electrochemical biosensor electrode for enzymatic glucose detection was obtained by coating the prepared nanocomposite onto glassy carbon electrode. The results show that Ag nanoparticles can effectively promote the enzymatic glucose sensing performance of Ni O nanowires. The linear range of the sensor is 0-1.28mMand the sensor has good selectivity. The Cu O/GO composite modified electrode was prepared by in situ growth method, which was modified on glassy carbon electrode with different proportion of CuO nanoparticles on the surface of graphene oxide (GOO). The effects of reaction temperature and loading amount of CuO nanoparticles on particle size and morphology were studied. The glucose sensing properties of Cu O/GO composite modified electrode under different reaction conditions were discussed. The lowest detection limit of the device was 0.69 渭 M. At the same time, the actual measurement under the human serum environment shows that the device has a good application prospect. 3. A series of Au/GO nanocomposites with different amounts of au / au nanoparticles were synthesized by the reduction of trivalent au 3 on go surface by sodium citrate. Au/GO nanocomposite modified electrode was prepared and used for ascorbic acid-free detection with a detection limit of 100nM / mL. At the same time, the ascorbic acid concentration of the device in human serum environment and medical drug environment was tested, and the error range was not more than 10. 4%. A highly sensitive organic thin film field-effect transistor biosensor was designed to determine the concentration of protein in solution. The detection of glial fibrillary acidic protein (glial fibrillary acidic protein) shows that the device has good sensitivity and the detection limit is 4ng/m L. In order to prevent the solution in which the protein is under test from infiltrating into the semiconductor layer, we introduce the floating gate structure and transfer the test area of the device to the floating gate, which can effectively improve the stability of the device.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TP212.3

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