量子密钥分发与经典光通信融合的实验研究

发布时间：2018-06-28 06:48

本文选题：量子密钥分发 + 经典光通信　；参考：《中国科学技术大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：量子密钥分发(QKD)基于量子力学原理具有无条件安全性。自从1984年被提出以来,QKD经历了快速的发展,从点对点实验到网络应用。由于QKD信号光强度十分弱,以往的实验中一般都需要一根专门的光纤用于量子信号传输。为了降低光纤资源成本,QKD与经典光通信的融合迫在眉睫。本论文主要内容是研究QKD与经典光通信的波分复用,报道了本人参与和负责的一系列波分复用的实验实现。通过采用多级带阻滤波技术,我们对量子信道、同步信道和经典信道实现了足够高的隔离度,提出的波分复用方案实现了 QKD与基于FP激光光源双向通信的融合,传输距离达到45 km。通过波长选择和光谱与时域滤波,我们实现了共享一根光纤传输的QKD和Terabit/s经典相干光通信,光纤距离最远达到80 km。我们的验证提供了 QKD共享光纤主干链路的可行性,为拓展QKD的应用前进了一大步。通过适当降低经典光的发光功率,QKD可以融合到GPON网络中,实现的GPON用户数最多达到64,从而可以为普通用户以低成本提供高安全性的加密应用。另外,本论文还报道了利用公钥算法为QKD提供认证的实验演示,我们通过FPGA逻辑构建了 TCP/IP通信网口,用以在QKD系统和位于上位机的彩虹认证算法之间交互认证数据和认证结果。通过发展两个独立激光源的干涉技术和上转换单光子探测技术,我们完整验证了测量设备无关的QKD协议,它可以抵抗所有针对探测的攻击策略,经过50 km光纤链路,我们的系统总共产生了 25 kbit安全密钥,这是基于实际器件实现无条件安全通信的里程碑。我们模拟和优化了非平衡基矢选择方案在我们的QKD系统上的成码率,相比于标准BB84方案,非平衡基矢方案可以显著提高安全成码率。为了验证这种方案,我们还构建了基于相位调制偏振编码的系统。
[Abstract]:Quantum key Distribution (QKD) has unconditional security based on the principle of quantum mechanics. Since it was proposed in 1984, QKD has experienced rapid development, from point-to-point experiments to network applications. Because the intensity of QKD signal is very weak, a special optical fiber is generally needed for quantum signal transmission in previous experiments. In order to reduce the cost of optical fiber resource, the fusion of QKD and classical optical communication is urgent. The main content of this thesis is to study the wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) between QKD and classical optical communication. By using multistage band-stop filtering technique, we have achieved high enough isolation for quantum channel, synchronous channel and classical channel. The proposed wavelength division multiplexing scheme realizes the fusion of QKD and FP based laser source two-way communication. The transmission distance is up to 45 km. By wavelength selection and spectral and time domain filtering, we have realized the QKD and Terabit / s classical coherent optical communication with a single fiber transmission. The optical fiber distance is as far as 80 km. Our verification provides the feasibility of the QKD shared fiber trunk link, which is a big step forward in the application of QKD. By properly reducing the luminous power of classical light, QKD can be integrated into the GPON network, and the maximum number of GPON users can reach 64, thus providing high security encryption applications for ordinary users at low cost. In addition, this paper also reports an experimental demonstration of using public key algorithm to provide authentication for QKD. We construct TCP / P IP communication network port through FPGA logic. It is used to interactively authenticate data and authentication results between the QKD system and the rainbow authentication algorithm located on the host computer. By developing the interference technology of two independent laser sources and the up-conversion single-photon detection technology, we have fully verified the measurement device independent QKD protocol, which can resist all attack strategies against detection and pass through 50 km optical fiber link. A total of 25 kbit security keys were generated in our system, which is a milestone for unconditional secure communication based on actual devices. We simulate and optimize the bit-forming rate of the unbalanced basis vector selection scheme on our QKD system. Compared with the standard BB84 scheme, the non-balanced basis vector scheme can significantly improve the secure bit rate. In order to verify this scheme, we also construct a system based on phase modulation polarization coding.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学技术大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN918.4;O413;TN929.1

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