可充电无线传感器网络能耗模型及充电策略研究

发布时间：2018-06-29 01:16

本文选题：可充电无线传感器网络 + 无线能量传输　；参考：《合肥工业大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：无线传感器网络兴起和发展成为数字信息世界和物理真实世界的纽带,为信号与信息处理方向的研究带来了新的机遇,同时,无线传感器网络的研究也面临着前所未有的挑战。无线传感器网络能量相关问题始终是该领域研究的热点问题。无线传感器节点能源受限一直是阻碍无线传感器网络长期工作的瓶颈。已有学者在无线传感器网络的数据路由、MAC协议、能量控制、跨层优化及外部能量获取领域进行研究。近年来,新兴的无线能量传输技术为无线传感器节点能量补给带来了曙光。对无线传感器节点进行远距离无线能量补给,可有效地解决无线传感器节点能源受限的问题,然而国内外对引入无线能量传输设备后的无线传感器网络的研究才刚起步。本文利用最优化方法,通过深入分析引入无线能量补给设备的无线传感器网络模型,提出一系列优化问题并求解,得到不同网络结构下的无线能量补给设备和无线传感网络的工作策略。本文的研究成果如下：(1)提出单基站可充电无线传感器网络静态拓扑下的动态模型。该动态模型反映无线传感器节点和无线能量补给设备在不同时刻需要满足的约束条件。无线能量补给设备通过遍历网络内所有传感器节点进行能量补给,使其不会因为放电过度而失效。为尽可能减少无线能量补给设备的工作时间而更长地驻留在维护站,提出了动态网络模型下的优化问题,并通过推导和证明将其转化为具有等优性的线性规划问题。求解该优化问题后,得到无线能量补给设备的最佳遍历路径、充电时长和无线传感器网络的动态数据路由策略。(2)提出单基站可充电无线传感器网络动态拓扑下的动态模型。在该模型中,无线能量补给设备在遍历无线传感器网络中不同节点时,也担任数据收集任务,从节点处接收数据。而被充电的节点作为簇头节点从簇内其他节点处接收信息,并直接传输给无线能量补给设备。由于无线能量补给设备需要遍历网络中所有传感器节点,那么担任簇头的传感器节点和簇的划分不是固定不变的。与静态拓扑模式下的模型不同,需要研究不同时刻不同传感器节点需要满足的约束条件,并提出相应的优化问题。通过求解该优化问题,得到单基站可充电无线传感器网络动态拓扑模式下节点动态分簇策略、网络数据路由策略及无线能量补给设备的工作策略。(3)提出多基站可充电无线传感器网络动态模型。在较为广阔的区域内布设多个基站,可有效地减少无线传感器网络中数据传输的距离和跳数,从而降低无线传感器节点的能耗。通过分析之前两个研究成果,提出无线传感器节点活跃度的概念,建立多基站可充电无线传感器网络动态模型并提出相应优化问题。通过求解该优化问题,得到在最大化网络中传感器节点活跃度目标下的数据路由、通信功率控制及无线能量补给设备动态且周期的工作策略。
[Abstract]:The rise and development of wireless sensor network has become the link between the digital information world and the physical real world. It has brought new opportunities for the research of the direction of signal and information processing. At the same time, the research of wireless sensor networks is facing unprecedented challenges. The problem of the capacity of wireless sensor networks has always been a hot topic in this field. The energy limitation of wireless sensor nodes has been a bottleneck to the long-term work of wireless sensor networks. Some scholars have studied the data routing, MAC protocol, energy control, cross layer optimization and external energy acquisition in wireless sensor networks. In recent years, new wireless energy transmission technology has been used for wireless sensor node energy supplement. The long distance wireless energy supply to wireless sensor nodes can effectively solve the problem of energy limitation for wireless sensor nodes. However, the research on wireless sensor networks after the introduction of wireless energy transmission equipment at home and abroad is just starting. This paper uses the most optimized method to introduce wireless energy through in-depth analysis. A series of optimization problems and solutions are proposed for the wireless sensor network model of recharge equipment. The work strategy of wireless energy supply equipment and wireless sensor networks under different network structures is obtained. The results of this paper are as follows: (1) the dynamic model of the single base station Rechargeable Wireless sensor network topology is proposed. The wireless sensor nodes and the wireless energy supply equipment need to meet the constraints at different times. The wireless energy supply equipment can supply energy by traversing all the sensor nodes in the network, so that it will not be invalid because of excessive discharge. The maintenance station, the optimization problem under the dynamic network model is proposed, and it is transformed into a linear programming problem with equal optimality by derivation and proof. After solving the optimization problem, the optimal ergodicity path of the wireless energy supply equipment, the long charge time and the dynamic data routing strategy of the wireless sensor network are obtained. (2) the single base station can be recharged. In the dynamic topology of an electric wireless sensor network, a wireless energy supply device also acts as a data collection task to receive data from a node when it traverses the different nodes in the wireless sensor network. The charged node receives information as a cluster head node from his node in the cluster and transfers it directly to the wireless network. Because the wireless energy supply equipment needs to traverse all the sensor nodes in the network, the partition of the sensor nodes and clusters of the cluster heads is not fixed. Different from the static topology model, the constraints that the sensor nodes need to meet at different time should be studied and the corresponding advantages are proposed. By solving the optimization problem, the dynamic clustering strategy of nodes, network data routing strategy and the work strategy of wireless energy supply equipment in the dynamic topology mode of the single base station Rechargeable Wireless sensor network are solved. (3) the dynamic model of the multibase station Rechargeable Wireless Sensor Network is proposed. Stations can effectively reduce the distance and hops of data transmission in wireless sensor networks and reduce the energy consumption of wireless sensor nodes. By analyzing the previous two research results, the concept of the activity of wireless sensor nodes is proposed, and the dynamic model of the multibase station Rechargeable Wireless Sensor Network is established and the corresponding optimization problems are put forward. In order to solve the optimization problem, the data routing, communication power control and the dynamic and periodic work strategy of the power control and the wireless energy supply equipment are obtained in the maximum network.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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