知识图谱在科技情报研究中的应用模型构建

发布时间：2018-02-27 13:25

本文关键词： 知识图谱科技情报研究信息可视化数据挖掘文献计量分析引文分析共现分析　出处：《图书情报知识》2017年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：当前,网络化和大数据的出现对科技情报研究构成了严峻挑战,对以定性分析为主的传统科技情报研究方法进行革新已迫在眉睫,知识图谱通过对大样本学术信息(如期刊论文、专利报告等)的分析来对科学知识的结构、关系与演化过程进行可视化,将其引入科技情报研究之中,有助于科技情报研究解决现存问题和应对现有挑战。本文概述了"事实型数据+专用方法工具+专家智慧"的国内科技情报研究通用模式以及美国罗伯特·克拉克提出的"以目标为中心"的情报研究模式,针对知识图谱的功能及其局限性、结合科技情报研究的特点,提出了知识图谱在情报研究中的三个应用策略,即:多源数据融合、分析方法的协同运用和科学解读图谱结果,并以知识图谱的应用场景为切入点,建议在科技情报研究四个环节的工作中引入知识图谱:情报研究选题、事实型数据库构建、情报分析、专家群体遴选。在此基础上,设计了知识图谱方法在科技情报研究中应用的优化模型,并提出了知识图谱应用流程。模型实现了定量与定性方法、情报人员与学科专家、知识图谱与其他情报研究方法等多种集成,为今后利用知识图谱方法开展科技情报研究奠定了基础。
[Abstract]:At present, the emergence of network and big data has posed a severe challenge to the research of science and technology information. It is urgent to innovate the traditional research methods of science and technology information based on qualitative analysis. Knowledge map visualizes the structure, relationship and evolution of scientific knowledge by analyzing the large sample of academic information (such as journal papers, patent reports, etc.), and introduces it into scientific and technological information research. This paper summarizes the general model of domestic scientific and technological information research and Robert Clay of the United States of America, which is called "expert wisdom of fact-based data specific methods and tools", which is helpful for scientific and technological information research to solve the existing problems and meet the existing challenges. The "goal-centered" intelligence research model put forward by Ke, In view of the function and limitation of knowledge map, combined with the characteristics of scientific and technological information research, this paper puts forward three application strategies of knowledge map in information research, that is, multi-source data fusion, cooperative application of analytical methods and scientific interpretation of map results. Taking the application scene of knowledge map as the starting point, it is suggested that knowledge map should be introduced into the work of four links of scientific and technological information research: topic selection of information research, construction of factual database, information analysis, selection of expert groups. The optimization model of the application of knowledge map method in science and technology information research is designed, and the application flow of knowledge map is put forward. The model realizes quantitative and qualitative methods, intelligence personnel and subject experts, The integration of knowledge map and other information research methods has laid a foundation for developing scientific and technological information research by using knowledge map method in the future.
【作者单位】：西北核技术研究所;南京政治学院上海校区军事信息管理系;
【分类号】：G350

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