上海市博物馆类型和空间分布研究

发布时间：2018-10-08 11:05

【摘要】：由于城市旅游不断发展,博物馆作为文化资源的重要组成部分,其旅游功能日益突显,是展现城市历史文化魅力与提高城市旅游吸引力的重要媒介。目前国内对于城市博物馆空间分布研究还处于比较初级的阶段,因此,如何从全局角度出发,探讨城市博物馆类型与空间分布特征,是优化城市博物馆类型结构与空间分布、实现城市文化旅游活动可持续发展的关键。本文采用了文献法、定性分析以及定量分析中的Arcgis空间分析法、SPSS相关系数法以及网络文本挖掘法等方法梳理了上海市博物馆发展阶段与类型演化特征,分析博物馆空间分布历史演变、现状以及未来发展趋势等,探讨博物馆空间分布影响,指出其空间分布存在的问题,并在借鉴国外发达博物馆城市空间布局的前提下,提出相关的发展对策与建议。经研究,本文得到以下结论:第一,从博物馆历史演变角度,经过近150年的发展历程,上海市博物馆的发展大致经历了近代博物馆的诞生、现代博物馆的萌芽、恢复以及蓬勃发展四个阶段。通过对上海市191家研究样本研究,得出:1.在博物馆属性类型上呈现出以公立博物馆为主的特征,但进入21世纪后,民营博物馆、私人博物馆以及社会团体类博物馆发展迅速,成为上海市博物馆属性的重要补充内容。2.在博物馆主题方面,近代博物馆以综合类、行业/产业类为主,现代博物馆主题则涵盖各个方面,其中社会历史类博物馆是目前上海市博物馆类型主要组成部分,行业/产业类博物馆是其重要特色,主题发展呈现出单一化向多元化格局。第二,从博物馆空间分布角度来看,上海市博物馆分布呈现出中心城区、中心城区向郊区扩散、内环地区集中分布的发展格局。从空间分布现状来看,由于受到历史、政策、经济、人口以及交通因素的影响,上海市博物馆空间分布集聚程度高,特别是内环地区局;各区数量差异较大,区域分布不均衡,郊区呈现散点分布格局。近年来,上海市博物馆空间格局发展呈现出"沿黄浦江南北两岸,多核心集聚"和"垂直立体化"趋势。另外,从旅游研究角度对博物馆空间分布进行分析,发现博物馆空间位置对旅游线路以及旅游者行为均产生影响。最后,针对上海市博物馆类型及空间分布的现状与问题,提出发挥博物馆集聚效应、优化博物馆类型结构、展示各区博物馆特色、加强郊区博物馆宣传以及密切与社区互动关系等建议,从而实现博物馆旅游活动的可持续发展。
[Abstract]:Due to the continuous development of urban tourism, museum as an important part of cultural resources, its tourism function is increasingly prominent, it is an important medium to show the charm of urban history and culture and to improve the attraction of urban tourism. At present, the research on the spatial distribution of urban museums in China is still in the primary stage. Therefore, how to discuss the types and spatial distribution characteristics of urban museums from the overall perspective is to optimize the structure and spatial distribution of urban museums. The key to realize the sustainable development of urban cultural tourism activities. This paper uses the methods of literature analysis, qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, such as Arcgis correlation coefficient method and web text mining method, to sort out the evolution characteristics of the development stage and type of Shanghai Museum. This paper analyzes the historical evolution, present situation and future development trend of museum spatial distribution, probes into the influence of museum spatial distribution, points out the problems existing in its spatial distribution, and draws lessons from the space layout of developed museums in foreign countries. Put forward the relevant development countermeasures and suggestions. Through research, this paper draws the following conclusions: first, from the point of view of historical evolution of museums, after 150 years of development, the development of museums in Shanghai has generally experienced the birth of modern museums, the germination of modern museums. Recovery and vigorous development in four stages. Through the study of 191 research samples in Shanghai, we can conclude that 1: 1. After entering the 21st century, private museums, private museums and social group museums have developed rapidly and become an important supplementary content of museum attributes in Shanghai. In terms of museum themes, modern museums are dominated by comprehensive, industry / industry, and modern museum themes cover all aspects, among which social and historical museums are the main components of the current Shanghai museum type. Industry / industry museum is an important feature of the museum, the theme development presents a single and diversified pattern. Second, from the perspective of museum spatial distribution, the distribution of museums in Shanghai presents the development pattern of the central city, the central city to the suburbs, and the concentrated distribution in the inner ring area. According to the present situation of spatial distribution, due to the influence of history, policy, economy, population and transportation, the spatial distribution of museums in Shanghai has a high degree of concentration, especially in the Inner Regional Bureau. The suburb presents a pattern of scattered distribution. In recent years, the spatial pattern of Shanghai Museum shows the trend of "multi-core agglomeration along the north and south sides of Huangpu River" and "vertical three-dimensional" trend. In addition, the spatial distribution of the museum is analyzed from the perspective of tourism research, and it is found that the location of the museum has an impact on the tour route and tourist behavior. Finally, in view of the current situation and problems of museum types and spatial distribution in Shanghai, it is proposed that the museum agglomeration effect be brought into play, the museum type structure be optimized, and the characteristics of museums be displayed in various districts. The sustainable development of museum tourism activities can be realized by strengthening the publicity of suburban museums and close interaction with the community.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G269.27

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