国内外主要农业科研机构作物科学重点研究领域对比分析

发布时间：2018-11-21 06:56

【摘要】：中国是世界农业大国,农业是支柱性产业。作物科学是农业科学体系中的核心学科,作物科学的发展直接关乎农业科技水平的发展。作物科学的主要任务是研究作物的遗传规律以及作物育种的相关技术,帮助培育优良的作物品种;同时研究外界因素对作物生长发育、作物产量、作物品质的影响,揭示其内在规律,帮助实现安全、高产、优质的生成目标,从而为农产品供给、粮食安全以及农业可持续发展提供保障。农业科研机构是农业科技创新的主体,其发展关乎国家在农业科技方面的竞争优势以及自主创新能力,特别是一些主要的农业科研机构更是发挥着骨干与引领的作用,对其研究轨迹进行追踪,不仅可以预测农业科技发展趋势,促进机构间的学习与交流,实现优势互补,而且有助于辅助国家制定农业科技的发展战略,提升农业科技的发展水平,保障社会稳定,推动经济发展。本文以作物科学为例,结合课题组前期项目成果,选定中国农业科学院(CAAS)、中国农业大学(CAU)、中国科学院涉农科研机构(CAS)、美国农业研究局(ARS)、法国农业科学院(INRA)以及日本国立农业食品研究机构(NARO),这6所国内外知名农业科研机构为本研究的目标机构,对其进行相关对比分析。考虑到作物科学数据范围难以界定,本文数据主要采集于web of science SCI引文数据库与CABI Abstract数据库两个数据库,结合二者特点,利用当今较为流行的大数据技术,融合两数据库数据,最终确定研究数据范围。本文主要基于文献计量学的理论,采用引文分析、内容词分析等方法,利用Bibexcel、CiteSpace等软件,客观、科学地对比目标机构作物科学论文产出、学科交叉分布等情况,识别作物科学重点研究领域,并着重分析对比了6所目标机构在作物科学重点研究领域——作物遗传与育种领域的科技产出及影响力、领域交叉、国际合作以及研究主题等方的情况。结果显示中国农业科学院作物科学基础研究实力持续快速增长,但与发达国家农业机构相比,仍然存在较大差距,需不断创新,提升发文质量和国际影响力;6所目标机构在作物科学领域分布格局相似,中国农业科学院在作物科学方面,研究领域不断拓展和深入,逐步向国外知名机构靠拢;国际交流合作国外机构优势明显,国内机构有待提高;研究主题上6所目标机构既有共性又有各自不同的侧重点,表现各有千秋,值得互相学习和借鉴。
[Abstract]:China is a big agricultural country in the world, and agriculture is a pillar industry. Crop science is the core subject in agricultural science system. The development of crop science is directly related to the development of agricultural science and technology. The main task of crop science is to study the genetic laws of crops and the related techniques of crop breeding to help cultivate good crop varieties. At the same time, we study the influence of external factors on crop growth and development, crop yield, crop quality, reveal its inherent law, help to achieve the goal of safe, high yield and good quality, thus providing agricultural products. Food security and sustainable agricultural development provide security. Agricultural scientific research institutions are the main body of agricultural scientific and technological innovation, its development relates to the national competitive advantage in agricultural science and technology and the ability of independent innovation, especially some major agricultural scientific research institutions play a key and leading role. Tracking the track of its research can not only predict the development trend of agricultural science and technology, promote the learning and exchange among institutions, realize the complementary advantages, but also help the country to formulate the development strategy of agricultural science and technology. We will raise the level of development of agricultural science and technology, ensure social stability and promote economic development. In this paper, taking crop science as an example and combining the results of the previous project of the research group, we select (CAAS), Chinese Agricultural University, (CAU), the Agricultural Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, (ARS), of the Bureau of Agricultural Research of the United States of America. (INRA) of French Academy of Agricultural Sciences and (NARO), of the National Agricultural Food Research Institute of Japan, six well-known agricultural research institutions at home and abroad, are the target institutions of this study. Considering that the range of crop scientific data is difficult to define, the data in this paper are mainly collected from two databases, web of science SCI citation database and CABI Abstract database. Combined with the characteristics of the two databases, using big data technology, which is popular nowadays, the data of the two databases are fused. Finally determine the range of research data. Based on the theory of bibliometrics, this paper uses the methods of citation analysis, content word analysis and Bibexcel,CiteSpace software to objectively and scientifically compare the output and interdisciplinary distribution of crop science papers in target institutions. Identifying the key research areas of crop science, and analyzing and comparing the scientific and technological output and influence of the six target institutions in the key research fields of crop science, namely, crop genetics and breeding. International cooperation and research topics. The results show that the basic research strength of crop science of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences continues to grow rapidly, but compared with the agricultural institutions of developed countries, there is still a big gap. The distribution pattern of the six target institutions in the field of crop science is similar, and the research field of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences has been continuously expanded and deepened, and gradually close to the well-known institutions abroad. The foreign institutions of international exchange and cooperation have obvious advantages, while the domestic institutions need to be improved. The six target institutions on the research subject have both common features and different emphases, which are worthy of learning and learning from each other.
【学位授予单位】：中国农业科学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S-0;G353.1

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