Introduction: 介绍
我们生活在一个这样的时代，，产品的生命周期很短和产品开发的速度更快。由于这些条件许多产品在很短的时间内成为不需要的东西。这些不必要的产品可以通过逆向物流来处理，这被定义为产品或产品的运动或相反方向上的供应链的正常流动的产品。逆向物流因此可以作为恢复系统重新使用不需要的项目仍是可用的，并且可以通过其他个人比原来的物主可以利用的功能更高。其中一个渠道是通过二级市场来恢复那些不需要的产品的价值，那里的商品通过转售或在以其他的方式出售。
We live in an age where products have short life cycles and the product developments are faster. Due to these conditions many products become unwanted within a short period of time. These unwanted products can be handled by reverse logistics, which is defined as the movement of products or goods up the supply chain in the opposite direction to the normal flow of products. Reverse logistics therefore can function as a recovery system to reuse the unwanted items that still are useable and can be utilized by other individuals than the primary owner. One of the channels to recover those unwanted products’ value is through the secondary market, where the items are resold or in other way taken care of.
Purpose: 目的
The purpose with this research is to fill the theoretical and practical gap of reverse logistics through the secondary market. Even though the secondary market is growing, the literature regarding it is still thin. Researchers are interested in understanding how the reverse logistics process operates within a second hand shop and also identify the vulnerable aspects of the process. The research is therefore aimed to describe, analyze and reflect over the collection, disposition and the sale of product in secondary market from the second hand shop point of view.
Frame of reference: 参考文献
Sources of literature regarding reverse logistics driving forces, reverse logistics process, process management, process mapping and process improvement.
Method: 方法
This research is a single case study, focusing on the reverse logistics of a second hand shop. Data is collected by semi-structured interviews with manager and employees and by conducting observations.
Conclusion: 总结
The second hand shop, operating within reverse logistics, is driven by unpredictability and a major concern is the directives, guidelines and training of the employees, in order to function to its fullest potential. The results of this research have shown that the driving force for a second hand shop in the secondary market to still exist is mainly its mission and core values within the organization, which is closely connected to the social perspective of corporate citizenship. The quality in which the key process steps of a second hand shop are implemented is much affected by the employees since they today are given a high degree of freedom. This in turn affects the effectiveness of the process and increases the vulnerability. In a concrete way it is stated that much attention is needed regarding the standard of each procedure (especially local screening and sorting) and this also requires teaching the employees how to follow the procedures in order to save both time and money.
Tables of content
1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Background and Research Issue ............................................................................. 1
1.2 Research Aim .......................................................................................................... 3
1.2.1 Case .................................................................................................................. 4
1.2.2 Definitions ........................................................................................................ 5
1.2.3 Research Questions .......................................................................................... 5
1.2.4 Research Process .............................................................................................. 5
2 Methodology .................................................................................................................. 7
2.1 Philosophical Perspective ....................................................................................... 7
2.2 Case Study ............................................................................................................ 10
2.3 Data Collection Methods ...................................................................................... 10
2.3.1 Semi-structured Interview .............................................................................. 11
2.3.2 Observation .................................................................................................... 14
2.4 Motives for Choice of Methods ............................................................................ 17
2.5 Critical Reflection on Methods ............................................................................. 18
3 Theoretical Framework................................................................................................ 20
3.1 Reverse Logistics ...................................................................................................... 23
3.1.1 Definition ....................................................................................................... 23
3.1.3 Reverse Logistics Process .............................................................................. 26
3.2 Process Management ................................................................................................ 31
3.2.1 Definition of Process ...................................................................................... 32
3.2.2 Definition of Process Management ................................................................ 33
3.2.3 Approaches and Tools in Process Management ............................................. 34
3.3 Summary and Reflection .......................................................................................... 41
4 Analysis ....................................................................................................................... 42
4.1 Step 1: Understand Business Driving Forces .................................................. 43
4.2 Step 2: Analyze the Business Role .................................................................. 45
4.3 Step 3: Understand Key Supply Chain Process ............................................... 47
4.4 Step 4: Create Supply Chain Process Model ................................................... 53
4.5 Step 5: Identify Vulnerable Aspects with Process ........................................... 56
4.6 Step 6: Development Plan ................................................................................ 58
4.7 Summary and Reflection ...................................................................................... 59
5 Conclusion ................................................................................................................... 61
5.1 Findings and Discussion .................................................................................... 61
5.2 Possible Strenghts and Weaknesses ..................................................................... 63
5.3 Further Research ................................................................................................... 64
References .................................................................................................................... 65
Appendix ........................................................................................................................ 71
Appendix 1: Process map ........................................................................................... 71
Appendix 2: Interview protocol ................................................................................. 75
Appendix 3: Interviewee information ...................................................................... 76
Appendix 4: Photographs from observation ............................................................... 77
List of figures Figure 1: Description of the research focus ....................................................................... 3 Figure 2: Philosophical perspective .................................................................................. 9
Figure 3: The relevance of the theoretical framework .................................................... 21
Figure 4: The connection between the chosen theoretical areas ..................................... 21
Figure 5: Driving triangle for reverse logistics ............................................................... 25
Figure 6 The journey of the product ................................................................................ 26
Figure 7: Key steps process model in reverse logistics ................................................... 27
Figure 8: Direct recovery ................................................................................................. 29
Figure 9: Re-processing ................................................................................................... 30
Figure 10: Recovery option inverted pyramid ................................................................. 31
Figure 11: A definition of process ................................................................................... 32
Figure 12: The process mapping symbols ....................................................................... 37
Figure 13: The application example of process mapping symbols ................................. 37
Figure 14: Example of cross function flowchart ............................................................. 38
Figure 15: A generic model for process improvement .................................................... 40
Figure 16: Process improvement activities and techniques ............................................. 41
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