“六州”调名辨歧——兼论词调“六州歌头”的断句

发布时间：2018-01-05 18:42

本文关键词：“六州”调名辨歧——兼论词调“六州歌头”的断句　出处：《中国韵文学刊》2017年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：旧说唐大曲"六州"名义,乃"伊、渭、梁、氐、甘、凉"或"伊、渭、石、氐、甘、凉"之并称。此乃总结宋代不同词调之名推得之结论,并不可靠。考两唐书地理志,合称"六州"之行政区划凡十余组,独无上述二种。结合日本唐传曲调名考察,大曲"六州"之名,实指唐初突厥降部安置地"鲁、丽、塞、含、依、契""六胡州",又称"河曲六州"。其区域大致相当于今鄂尔多斯、银川、吴忠一代。结合六胡州的历史背景推测,唐曲"六州"或为庙堂所制,以歌颂唐太宗伏远怀柔之功德,而非边地进献。或云词调"六州歌头"之调名始于唐岑参诗作,亦误。关于词调"六州歌头"的结构,尚有一些错误的理解有待修正。按宋代词乐的典型形态分析,词调《六州歌头》上片结尾的三字句,本当为下片之换头而被误归于上片。词乐失传后,历代图谱学片面强调韵脚,而不知韵脚有主次、正副之分。宋代词乐"片"与"句"之间,尚有一中间层次,音乐学上称之为"均",表现在文辞体格上为句群。《六州歌头》是以平韵为主的词调,上下片结构有对应性,其韵脚看似密集杂乱,实有鲜明的层次性。
[Abstract]:The old saying that Tang Daqu "six states" is the name of "Yi, Wei, Liang, Di, Gan, Liang" or "Yi, Wei, Shi, Di, Gan, Liang" or "Yi, Wei, Shi, Di, Gan, Liang". Not reliable. Examination of the geography of the Tang Dynasty, collectively known as "six states" of administrative divisions of all more than 10 groups, alone without the above two. Combined with the Japanese Tang Dynasty tune investigation, Daqu "six states" name. "Lu, Li, Sai, Han, Yi, Qi", also known as "six Huzhou", also known as "Hequ six states." its area is roughly equivalent to today's Ordos, Yinchuan. Wu Zhong generation. Combined with the historical background of Liuhu conjecture, Tang song "six states" or for the temple system, in order to praise the Tang Taizong Fuyuan soft merit. The name of "Liu Zhou GE Tou" is originated from Tang Ceng-shen 's poems, and it is also mistaken. On the structure of "Liu Zhou GE Tou" in ci tune. There are still some misunderstandings to be corrected. According to the analysis of the typical form of song music in Song Dynasty, the three-character sentence at the end of the last film of < six states song] should have been mistakenly attributed to the last film for the purpose of changing the head of the next film. The history atlas science emphasizes the rhyme one-sidedly, but does not know the rhyme to have the primary and secondary, the first and the second. Song Dynasty ci music "film" and "sentence", still has a middle level, musicology calls "the average". The first song of six states is the main tone of words with flat rhyme, corresponding to the structure of the upper and lower pieces, and its rhymes appear to be dense and disorderly, and in fact, there are distinct levels.
【作者单位】：温州大学人文学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金青年项目“宋词音乐结构及声辞关系研究”(15CZW033)
【分类号】：I207.23
【正文快照】： 一唐宋曲调“六州”之名义非“伊、渭、梁、氐、甘、凉”之合称《词苑粹编》卷一引《乐府纪闻》云:“岑参《六州歌头》云:‘西向轮台万里余,也知音信日应疏。陇山鹦鹉能言语,为报家人数寄书。’注云:‘六州:伊、渭、梁、氐、甘、凉也。王维《伊州歌》云:‘秋风明月独离居。荡

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