唐代文人山居诗研究

发布时间：2018-01-15 11:05

本文关键词：唐代文人山居诗研究　出处：《西北大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：唐代文人山居诗是在隐士文化发生转变与士族文化逐渐衰弱的时代环境下发展起来的。文人在隐居山林的同时进行着诗歌创作。从诗歌创作者的身份来区分,主要包括科考举子与士绅官吏。唐代的隐逸之风,推动着部分社会阶层的流动。在人才的选举上,魏晋以来的九品中正制消失了,由布衣寒士走向宰相的趋势从无到有。从整理而来的山居诗人出身背景考察分析,大量的平民出身的举子通过隐居读书进入仕途,并与仕途发生着密切的联系。文人山林习业,或选择名山苦读温经,或师从名僧学习诗法,或择居寺院,解决生活来源等。在此期间,留下部分山林读书诗歌,形成一部分文人读书山居诗歌创作。科举及第获取官位之后,达官文人多选择在山林居所疗养身心。山居别业的清暉幽僻,不仅从地域上远离尘嚣,而且为士大夫官员从心理上提供了一个可以遮避的世外之所。这成为诞生另一部分山居诗的孕育之地。唐代的文人打破了魏晋以来“上品无寒门,下品无士族”的等级意识,却在山居诗中从精神上继承了士族文化的清流之举。同时,由于唐代文人山居诗因为创作主体发生了较大的改变,山居诗中出现躬耕劳作期间的攀谈,夜半读书的随想,药圃花苑的风光描写,抱孙摘瓜的举动,力耕农作的哀叹等新的特色。这些为唐代山居诗歌带上不同以往的世俗情调。山居诗中的琐碎之举促进了唐诗的生活化,扩大了唐诗的写作题材。文人山居诗歌创作加促士大夫阶层审美的定型,塑造了士大夫阶层的精神修养。本论文分为四章。第一章交代了山居诗的概念,同时论述山居诗与山水田园诗在创作人群上的差异和创作特色的不同。第二章探究山居诗歌不同创作群体的身份地位和总体特征,从社会历史背景上分析士族文化及隐士文化在不同朝代的消长关系对于文人山居行为及山居诗歌创作风格的影响。第三章探析山居诗歌的内容,山居诗创作类型的分类,归类为读书山林、独立傲世、辛酸感慨、田园之乐、亭林集会、寻僧访道、超然归隐等不同的诗歌创作内容。第四章论述山居诗的写作特点,探析山居诗在继承魏晋以来隐逸诗歌的基础上,开创出新的时代内容及特色,论述分别从诗歌对仗、景物描写、抒情特色、情景交融等在艺术方面上的成熟。最后,从山居诗的创作意义上论述唐代山居诗形成的高峰对于后世产生的积极影响。附录注明部分辑录出的山居文人。
[Abstract]:The poetry of the literati in the Tang Dynasty was developed under the background of the change of hermit culture and the gradual weakening of the clan culture. While the literati were living in the mountains and forests in seclusion, they were creating poems, which could be distinguished from the identity of the poetry creators. Mainly including the scientific examination and gentry officials. The seclusion of the Tang Dynasty, promote the flow of some social strata. In the election of talents, the nine-product system has disappeared since the Wei and Jin dynasties. The trend from cloth clothes to prime minister from scratch. From sorting out the background of mountain dwelling poet background investigation and analysis, a large number of civilian background through seclusion to read into the official career. And there is a close relationship with the official career. Literati mountain forest study, or choose famous mountains to study Wen Jing, or learn poetry from famous monks, or choose to live in monasteries, solve the source of life and so on. During this period, left part of the mountain forest to read poetry. Formed a part of the literati to read the mountain residence poetry creation. After imperial examination and get the official position, the official literati mostly chose to recuperate the body and mind in the mountain forest residence. Moreover, it provides a safe place for literati and officials psychologically. This became the birthplace of another part of mountain dwelling poetry. The literati of Tang Dynasty broke the "superior article without cold door" since Wei and Jin dynasties. The rank consciousness of Xiapin No Scholars, but inherits from the spirit of the literati culture in the Shanju poem. At the same time, because of the great change of the creation subject of the Tang Dynasty literati Shanju poem. Mountain house poems appear during the work of the talk, reading at midnight, the scenery description of Yin-Pu Garden, the act of picking melons with grandchildren. The lament of farming and other new features. These for the Tang Dynasty Shanju poetry with a different secular sentiment. Mountain house poetry in the trivial actions to promote the life of Tang poetry. It expands the writing theme of Tang poetry. The creation of literati Shanju poetry and the shaping of literati and official stratum aesthetic shaping the spiritual accomplishment of the literati class. This paper is divided into four chapters. The first chapter explains the concept of Shanju poetry. At the same time, it discusses the differences between mountain dwelling poems and landscape idyllic poems in the creative crowd and the differences of creative characteristics. Chapter two explores the identity status and overall characteristics of different creative groups of mountain dwelling poems. From the social and historical background to analyze the relationship between the literati culture and hermit culture in different dynasties on the behavior of mountain dwelling literati and the creation style of mountain dwelling poetry. Chapter three analyzes the content of Shanju poetry. The classification of mountain house poetry creation type is classified as reading mountain forest, independent and proud world, bitter feeling, pastoral music, forest gathering, seeking monk to visit the road. Chapter 4th discusses the writing characteristics of Shanju poetry and explores the new content and characteristics of Shanju poetry on the basis of inheriting the reclusive poetry since Wei and Jin dynasties. Discusses from the poetry confrontation, scenery description, lyric characteristics, and so on in the artistic aspects of maturity. Finally. This paper discusses the positive influence of the peak of mountain dwelling poetry in Tang Dynasty on later generations from the meaning of creation of mountain dwelling poems.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I207.22

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