当代西部文学的主体性变革——基于长篇小说性别关系的一种考察

发布时间：2018-01-23 05:01

本文关键词： 西部文学长篇小说主体性性别关系　出处：《云南社会科学》2017年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：20世纪90年代以来西部文学成为一道亮丽风景线,文学中的西部不仅仅是一种地域指称,还是一种价值载体,西部文学在他者的凝视和期待中被确定为客体。西部小说在刚崛起时是一个英雄极乐的世界,父权式的英雄充斥其间,女性是绝少出场的,只是一个功能上的次级存在。如果仔细梳理近年来一些西部小说便能够发现,以往的男性/女性对峙的性别秩序在不同程度地发生着坍塌、位移和迁徙,女性在文本意义上实现了脱狱,一种"女性/自然"和"女性/权力"结构得以解密呈现,并重新定义了父权统治的意识形态基础。女性的出现并不是一种简单的性别关系调整,而是一种深层的父权秩序和书写的困境让渡,它折射了西部文学正在发生的主体性变革。女性的浮出使得西部文学原本均衡的不等式被打破,它是一次文化泄密,更是一次自救行动,是对西部文学主体乃至民族主体的一种再修复。它把以往的父权主体性变为一种交互主体性,补足了父权单一化带来的某些结构性空缺,并在告别父权、告别他者的目光中坚强地完成自身主体性的再生。
[Abstract]:Since 1990s, the western literature has become a beautiful landscape, in which the west is not only a kind of regional reference, but also a carrier of value. Western literature is defined as the object in the gaze and expectation of others. Western novels are a world of heroic bliss at the beginning of their rise, in which patriarchal heroes are filled, and women rarely appear. It is only a functional secondary existence. If we carefully review some western novels in recent years, we can find that the gender order of male / female confrontation in the past is collapsing, displacing and migrating to varying degrees. In the sense of text, the female has been released from prison, and a kind of "female / nature" and "female / power" structure has been deciphered and presented. And redefined the ideological basis of patriarchal rule. The emergence of women is not a simple adjustment of gender relations, but a deep patriarchal order and writing dilemmas. It reflects the subjective change that is taking place in the western literature. The emergence of the female makes the inequality of the original equilibrium of the western literature broken. It is a cultural leak, but also a self-saving action. It transforms the former patriarchal subjectivity into a kind of mutual subjectivity, complements some structural vacancies caused by the unifying patriarchal power, and says goodbye to the patriarchal right. Farewell to the eyes of the other strong completion of their own subjectivity of the regeneration.
【作者单位】：山东大学文学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重点项目“当代乡土小说审美变迁研究”(项目号:16AZW015)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：I207.425
【正文快照】： 20世纪90年代以来,中国文学创作普遍出现了疲软乏力,各种质疑慨叹之声频起,“快餐文学”“兑水文学”“断裂”“低于生活”等批评声音不绝于耳。在这种背景下崛起的西部文学不啻为一道亮丽风景线,它充满着艰难韧性、原始野气、崇高沧桑,并裹挟着生命灵气,吸引了众多的目光。而

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