中道与诗法——中国诗学的审美感悟之五

发布时间：2018-03-25 22:45

本文选题：中道(中观)　切入点：诗法　出处：《北京大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2017年03期

【摘要】：中道(中观)是大乘佛学中最基本的重要观念,唐代诗僧皎然作为中国诗学史上重要的诗论家,在其《诗式》和《诗议》中颇为明确地以"中道"方法来建构其诗论系统,昭示了在中国诗学中借鉴佛学"中道"观念而呈现的一些诗学理论内涵。其他尚有很多诗人或诗论家的诗歌风貌和诗论具有"中道"色彩。"中道"观念主要的不是直接进入诗学的表层,而是作为一种内在的方法论,呈现为具有丰富理论蕴含的诗学命题。"中道"观念对于中国诗学异于西方诗学的特质,起到了非常重要的作用。如:使诗人作为审美主体把握对象的方式,由个别的、局部的变为整体性的把握和领悟;般若中观对中国诗学的渗透,使意象和意境有着明显的幻象特征;中道的"不A不B"或"非A非B"的思维方式,进入诗论后发生各种形态变异,大大增加了古典诗歌的内在张力;中道的"无分别"与"不二法门"对语言名相的消解,使诗论进一步形成了超越语言之上的审美价值系统。
[Abstract]:Middle Tao (middle view) is the most basic and important concept in Mahayana Buddhism. As an important poetic theorist in the history of Chinese poetics, Tang Dynasty poetic monk Jiao ran constructed his poetic theory system with the method of "midway" quite clearly in his Poems style > and Poetry discussion. It shows that there are some theoretical connotations of poetry in Chinese poetics. There are still many poets or poetry theorists whose poetic style and theory have the color of "midway". The main idea of "midway" is not. Is directly into the surface of poetics, As an internal methodology, it is presented as a poetics proposition with abundant theories. The idea of "midway" is different from the western poetics in terms of the characteristics of Chinese poetics. It has played a very important role. For example, the way in which the poet, as the aesthetic subject, grasps and understands the object from individual and partial to the whole; if the theory of Prajna permeates Chinese poetics, The image and artistic conception have obvious hallucination characteristics, the middle way of thinking mode of "no A no B" or "no A no B", after entering the poetic theory, all kinds of forms change, which greatly increases the internal tension of classical poetry. The "no difference" and "the same method" of the middle way dispel the name of language, which makes the poetic theory form a system of aesthetic value that transcends language.
【作者单位】：中国传媒大学文法学部;
【分类号】：I207.22

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