论老残的“士”人格

发布时间：2018-03-30 21:30

本文选题：士　切入点：老残　出处：《华中科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：《老残游记》以摇串铃的江湖郎中老残两个月的短暂游历为主线来展开故事、叙述情节。老残的游历过程,其实就是他挽救时弊的过程:对国家、社会、文化、吏治等方面发表自己的见解和主张,且身体力行之,尽一己之力治病救人,修补残局。由是发现了老残与传统士人的共通之处:为社会全体服务,其中蕴含着一种附有宗教意味的关切大群体的热忱。深入挖掘这一点,并关注老残与传统士人的相异点,是写作本篇论文的缘由所在。本篇论文共分为三个部分。第一部分主要阐述“士”的发展历程,“士”在历史上是一个特别的存在,其产生、发展经历了一个复杂的过程。对这个过程有一个基本的了解,有助于我们更好地理解论文后面提到的“士”的人格特征。第二部分是论文的重点。在这一部分,通过总结儒家对“士”的认识,归纳出一个合格士人应具有的德性,说明为什么要将老残纳入“士”群体,并以小说文本为依据,来具体分析士的德性在老残身上的表现。第三部分是以老残为例,探讨士人在晚清的时代背景下发生的新变化:他们不再热衷于科举入仕、服务朝廷,而是将重心更多地向社会倾斜,以兴办实业实现强国富民的目标。这一变向,既受到了政府能力与政府决策的影响,也离不开中西方思想、社会环境的冲击。
[Abstract]:"A Journey to Lao can" begins the story with a brief two-month tour by the quack of the quack ringing bell. The plot is narrated. The tour process of the old disabled is actually the process that he saves and harms: to the country, to society, to culture, to the country, to society, to culture, to the country, to the society, to the culture. Officials and other aspects of their own views and opinions, and practice, to do their best to cure the sick, repair the crippling situation. From the discovery of the old and traditional scholars in common: to serve the community as a whole, It contains a religious zeal for a large group of concerned people. Dig into this point and pay attention to the differences between the old and the disabled and the traditional scholars. This paper is divided into three parts. The first part mainly describes the development of "Scholars", which is a special existence in history. Development has gone through a complex process. There is a basic understanding of this process, which will help us to better understand the personality characteristics of the "scholar" mentioned later in the paper. The second part is the focus of the paper. By summing up the Confucian understanding of "Scholars", this paper sums up the virtue that a qualified scholar should have, and explains why the old and disabled should be brought into the "Scholars" group, and based on the text of the novel. The third part is taking the old disabled as an example to discuss the new changes that have taken place under the background of the late Qing Dynasty: they are no longer keen on imperial examinations to serve the imperial court. Instead, the center of gravity will be more inclined to the society, in order to set up industry to realize the goal of strong country and rich people. This change has not only been influenced by the government's ability and government decision-making, but also can not be separated from the impact of Chinese and Western thought and social environment.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：I207.41

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