汉语学术专著“他序”的社会语用批评研究

发布时间：2018-05-09 01:11

本文选题：他序 + 关联理论　；参考：《华侨大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：序言,作为一种特殊的文学样式在我国已有两千多年的悠久历史,在南朝时(公元420年—公元589年)作为一种重要的独立文体被收进《文选》中。序言按序作者一般分为自序(self-preface)和他序(other-preface)。自序是作者自己写的,用来说明写书的宗旨和经过,而他序一般由相关专业领域中的权威人士撰写,多为介绍或评论本书的内容。他序是一部著作重要的组成部分,犹如一把钥匙,是理解该著作的帮手。他序的质量会直接影响读者对该著作的态度。近年来,虽然他序的研究进入了语言学界,但研究多局限在他序的语类结构,礼貌现象等视角。然而当下由于他序的写法样式、内容不一,有些他序能够帮助读者了解专著,但有些他序似乎并不能达到帮助读者认识著作本身的目的。基于此,本文着重探讨以下四个问题:(1)汉语学术专著中的他序一般包含哪些结构成分(内容)?(2)他序所包含的成分是否都能够帮助读者理解专著,起到对专著的介绍作用?(3)一篇良构他序需要包含哪些成分?(4)当下汉语学术专著的他序是否存在语用失误(问题),有哪些失误,原因是什么?基于上述问题,本文根据图书分类号,随机选取2005年至2015年出版的250篇汉语学术专著(以语言学、文学和翻译学为主)的他序为语料。本研究首先对他序进行描述性研究,得出其包含的结构成分;其次以SperberWilson(1986/1995/2003/2008)提出的关联理论为理论框架,根据他序结构成分与读者理解专著(内容)本身的关联度归纳出不同关联度的他序结构成分;最后找出他序当中存在的语用失误,并进行批评以及原因分析。研究发现:1)汉语学术专著的他序一般包含十三个成分,但这些成分并不是同时出现在同一篇序言里;2)这些成分并不都能对专著起到介绍的作用,根据他序结构成分与读者理解专著(内容)本身的关联度分析,我们得出最佳关联成分有:学科领域介绍、书本描述、本书特点、本书价值、本书的不足;弱关联成分有:关系陈述、作者介绍、评价作者;非关联成分有:作序理由、自谦、研究期望、祝贺以及书本推荐;3)他序中所包含的所有成分均能够帮助读者达到对著作认识的最大关联,但是一篇良构的他序至少需要包含五个最佳关联成分;4)当下汉语学术专著的他序存在一定的语用失误问题,而这些语用失误的存在削弱了他序对专著的介绍作用。其主要问题为最佳关联成分的缺失,其次为语法错误,排版印刷错误以及内容不一致等。而序作者与专著作者之间的关系,文化价值观和图书出版情况是造成他序语用失误的重要原因。本文尝试对当下汉语学术专著的他序现状进行研究,具有多方面意义。理论层面上看,本研究是首次运用关联理论来分析他序这一书面语篇,从关联度入手,增强了关联理论对书面语篇的解释力和适用性。现实层面上看,一方面丰富了序言这一文体的研究,另一方面通过对他序构成成分进行分析,指出其存在的语用失误问题并进行原因分析,可以拓宽人们对他序的认识,并为今后他序的写作提供建设性的意见,从而减少语用失误。
[Abstract]:Preface, as a special literary style, has a long history of more than two thousand years in our country. In the Southern Dynasty (AD 420 to 589), it was accepted as an important independent style. The preface is generally divided into self order (self-preface) and his order (other-preface). The self order is written by the author himself to explain the writing of the book. His preface is generally written by an authoritative person in the related field. He is mostly an introduction or comment on the content of the book. His preface is an important part of a book, like a key, which is the helper of the book. The quality of his order will directly affect the reader's attitude to the book. In recent years, although his preface has been studied In the linguistic field, however, the research is mostly confined to his order of language structure, politeness and so on. However, because of his preface writing style, the content is different, some of his preface can help the reader to understand the monograph, but some of his preface seems to be unable to help the reader to know the purpose of the book. Based on this, this paper focuses on the following four questions. Question: (1) what are the structural elements (content) of his order in the Chinese academic monographs? (2) whether the components contained in his preface can help the reader understand the monographs and play an introduction to the monographs? (3) what components do he need to include in a good preface? (4) whether there is a pragmatic failure in his preface to the present Chinese academic monographs, and what is the problem, and what What is the reason? Based on the above questions, this paper selects 250 Chinese Academic Monographs (linguistics, literature and translatology) published from 2005 to 2015, according to the book classification number, to make a descriptive study of his preface. The second is SperberWilson (1986/1995). /2003/2008) the relevance theory is a theoretical framework. According to the relationship between his preface structure and the reader's understanding of the monograph (content), the structure of his sequence is summed up. Finally, the pragmatic failure in his preface is found, and the criticism and reasons are analyzed. 1) the order of the Chinese academic monographs is generally included. Thirteen components, but these components are not at the same time in the same preface; 2) these components do not all play an introduction to the monographs. According to the analysis of the correlation between his order structure and the reader's understanding of the Monographs (content), we conclude that the best related components are: subject field introduction, book description, book features, book price The inadequacy of the book; the weakly associated elements are: a statement of relations, the author's introduction, and the evaluation of the author; the unrelated elements are: preface reasons, self modesty, research expectation, Congratulations, and book recommendation; 3) all the components contained in his preface can help the reader reach the greatest association of recognition, but a good structure of his preface requires at least five. The best associated component; 4) the current Chinese academic monographs have a certain problem of pragmatic failure, which weakens the introduction of his preface to the monographs. The main problems are the absence of the best associated elements, the second is grammatical errors, the errors of typesetting printing and the inconsistency of content, and the preface author and the author of the book. The relationship, the cultural values and the publishing of books are the important reasons for his preface and pragmatics. This paper tries to study the present status of the Chinese academic monographs. In theory, this study is the first to use the relevance theory to analyze the written text of his preface, and to strengthen the relationship from the degree of relevance. On the realistic level, it enriches the study of the preface, on the other hand, through the analysis of the constituent elements of his preface, it points out that the problems of pragmatic failure and the analysis of the reasons can widen people's understanding of his preface and provide his order of writing in the future. Constructive opinions reduce pragmatic failure.

【学位授予单位】：华侨大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I206.2

【参考文献】