“比兴”与“比喻”——中西两个概念理论旨趣的差异及其成因

发布时间：2018-05-11 14:02

本文选题：比兴 + 比喻　；参考：《学术研究》2017年06期

【摘要】：中国诗学中所说的"比兴"与西方诗学所说的"比喻"在修辞运作上都是"用相似或相关的事物进行比附",但是两者也存在明显的差异。就修辞指向而言,"比兴"是在主观思想与可见的外在事物之间架起一座桥梁,"心—物关系"是理解"比兴"的关键所在;"比喻"处理的则是名与实的关系,即知识如何得以表达的问题。中国诗学有重"兴"抑"比"的倾向,其实质是要求在"比兴"的使用中,尽量避免意义的过于直白,营造一种委婉含蓄,"言有尽而意无穷"的美学效果;西方的"比喻"研究特别重视隐喻,是因为看重隐喻在对世界进行命名,以及通过语言进入存在深处时所起的重要作用。"比兴"与"比喻"两个概念表现出的差异,正是中西方文化差异性具体而微的体现,具有深刻的文化哲学内涵。
[Abstract]:"Bi Xing" in Chinese poetics and "metaphor" in western poetics are all "compared with each other with similar or related things" in rhetorical operation, but there are also obvious differences between them. As far as rhetorical points are concerned, "Bi Xing" is a bridge between subjective thought and visible external things. "the relationship between mind and matter" is the key to understand "Bi Xing", while "metaphor" deals with the relationship between name and reality. The question of how knowledge can be expressed. The essence of Chinese poetics is to avoid the meaning of being too straightforward and to create a kind of aesthetic effect of euphemism and implicature. The study of metaphor in the West pays special attention to metaphor because of its important role in naming the world and entering the depths of existence through language. The difference between the concepts of "Bi Xing" and "metaphor" is the concrete and slight embodiment of the cultural difference between China and the West, and has profound cultural philosophy connotation.
【作者单位】：山东大学马克思主义文艺理论研究中心;
【分类号】：I207.22

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