《格萨尔》史诗中的女性地位研究

发布时间：2018-05-14 20:04

本文选题：格萨尔 + 女性　；参考：《青海民族大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：格萨尔史诗是世界上最长的英雄历史性的文学,此英雄史诗文学一千年前左右雪域高原上生存的藏族同胞们的智慧的结晶,在全世界的文学作品上占据了主导的作用,这是藏族同胞们的智慧的结晶。创新能力、美观意识、伟大的理想都聚在一起的文化仓库,在藏族民间有一种这样的说法,“如果想浪费人生,就看看格萨尔王的史。”我们可知藏民族的政治和经济、人文和道德、民俗和教育、宗教与军事、男尊女鄙的一些观点。而且表明了藏族妇女在社会上的地位和平时生活的苦难,因此,此史诗在各个地方,民族,国家,世界各个地方的专家在探讨与评论、探索、评价、从而研究范围一年比一年扩大。格萨尔王传是有生命的形式存在,不断的在发展中,所以笔者主要从格萨尔王传当中对藏族妇女在社会的地位。总有四个部分来组成的:第一节是序论,选题目标和意义,国际国内的研究现状,方法和存在的问题。本文第二节阐述了格萨尔王女性地位为切入点,通过谚语表达和女性的地位做比较,分别阐述格萨尔王中女性没有地位问题,此后简单第探讨格萨尔王中的重男轻女问题,另外格萨尔王说唱所表达的女性地位问题做简要分析。在第三节中表述了格萨尔王传婚俗中对女性的地位,首先通过描述赌博和赛马等形式迎娶媳妇的情境来阐述女性地位偏低。其次,讲到强迫婚姻中呈现的女性地位等,格萨尔文化正如体现藏族社会生活、心态、人文、道德、民俗、教育、宗教、军事、男尊女卑等的一面镜子,故我们也通过这面镜子了解格萨尔王传中很多男性尤其是国王和大臣、王子等通过威强迫或随意娶妻的故事,同时也描述女性地位很低的悲凉的命运。再次,通过一夫多妻制来讲述格萨尔王传中的偏低的女性地位,藏区很多地方普遍存在一夫多妻制婚俗,且还在延续。犹如更敦群培所言“国王娶妃上千,世人引以为豪,女人若有百夫,万人惊奇非议。”此种婚俗在格萨尔王传中比较常见。总之,阐述了格萨尔王传中一夫多妻习俗是不文明的,当时的女性犹如奴隶是社会情景。第四节当中讲述格萨尔传中什么对女性的地位产生影响,其中以佛教对格萨尔传的影响作为引论。任何一种文化都很难以独立和单一的形式存在。因此,格萨尔王传文化也必然受到佛教的影响,佛教中也有不少贬低女性的字句,这也影响到格萨尔文化,由此推断并认为格萨尔中女性地位低下是受到佛教的影响,其次,主要论述苯教对格萨尔传的影响,通过这两点的讲述,引申出佛苯教相融的历史事实,同样在苯教一些经典中诋毁所有女性,总之,苯教与格萨尔传文化都受到佛教的影响,佛教一些书籍中贬低整个女性的价值及其地位,本论对两者进行比较,阐述了女性地位低下。最后是结论部分,主要有参考文献和感谢!
[Abstract]:Gesar epic is the world's longest heroic historical literature, this heroic epic literature about a thousand years ago on the snowy plateau of the Tibetan survival of the wisdom of the crystallization, in the world's literary works occupied the leading role. This is the crystallization of the wisdom of Tibetan compatriots. Creative ability, aesthetic consciousness, and great ideals are all gathered together in the cultural warehouse, there is a Tibetan folk saying, "if you want to waste your life, look at the history of King Gesar." We know some views about Tibetan politics and economy, humanities and morality, folklore and education, religion and military affairs, respect for men and women. It also shows the status of Tibetan women in society and the suffering of life in peacetime. Therefore, experts from various places, nationalities, countries, and parts of the world are discussing and commenting, exploring and evaluating this epic. As a result, the scope of the study expanded year by year. King Gesar is a living form of existence, constantly in the development, so the author mainly from the Gesar Wang Zhuan Tibetan women in the status of society. There are four parts: the first section is the order theory, the purpose and significance of the topic, the current situation of international and domestic research, methods and existing problems. The second section of this paper expounds the female status of King Gesar as a starting point, through the proverbs and the status of women to make a comparison, respectively elaborated the status of women in King Gesar, after a brief discussion of the issue of preference for sons in King Gesar. In addition, King Gesar rap expressed the status of women to make a brief analysis. In the third section, the author describes the status of women in Gesar's marriage custom. Firstly, it describes the low status of women by describing the situation of gambling and horse racing to marry a wife. Secondly, when it comes to the status of women in forced marriages, Gesar culture is like a mirror of Tibetan social life, mentality, humanities, morality, folklore, education, religion, military affairs, inferiority of men and women. So through this mirror we also understand the stories of many men in King Gesar, especially kings and ministers, princes, and so on, who force or take wives at will, and also describe the sad fate of women at a very low status. Thirdly, through polygamy to describe the low status of women in King Gesar's biography, polygamy is prevalent in many parts of Tibet, and it is still continuing. As Genton said, "the king marries thousands of concubines, the world is proud, if a woman has a hundred, ten thousand people are surprised." This kind of marriage custom is more common in the Gesar royal biography. In a word, it was uncivilized to expound the polygamy custom in King Gesar, when women were like slaves. In the fourth section, what influences the status of women in Gesar's biography is discussed, in which the influence of Buddhism on Gesar's biography is introduced. It is difficult for any culture to exist independently and in a single form. Therefore, the culture of King Gesar is bound to be influenced by Buddhism, and there are many derogatory words and phrases in Buddhism, which also affect the culture of Gesar. It is concluded that the lower status of women in Gesar is influenced by Buddhism. This paper mainly discusses the influence of Benzism on Gesar's biography. Through these two narrations, the historical facts of the blending of Buddhism and benzene are derived, and all women are vilified in some of the Benzism scriptures. In short, both the Benism and the Gesar culture are influenced by Buddhism. Some Buddhist books belittle the value and status of women. Finally is the conclusion part, mainly has the reference document and the thanks!
【学位授予单位】：青海民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I207.22

【参考文献】