南朝“芙蓉出水”批评意象研究

发布时间：2018-06-10 12:48

本文选题：芙蓉出水 + 批评意象　；参考：《武汉大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：批评意象指一种存在于意象批评活动中,用于传达某种文学理念或批评观点的"尽意之象"。在我国,意象批评作为古代文论中最具代表性的批评方法之一,一直以来都是学界的研究热点,相对来说,"批评意象"的研究领域就甚为冷清。故本文选择以南北朝时期"芙蓉出水"批评意象作为研究对象,旨在通过对这一经典批评意象的生成进行初步的探索,为中国古代文论的打开一个新的研究范畴。"芙蓉出水"是最有影响力的批评意象之一。其由刘宋诗僧汤惠休提出,因钟嵘《诗品》的引用而扬名,历经唐代"清水出芙蓉"、宋代"秋水芙蓉"的变体意象发展,逐渐演变为对谢灵运诗歌,以及对清新自然文风的专用象喻代指。同时,"芙蓉出水"作为与"错彩镂金"所喻"人工美"相对的"自然美"之代表,也一直是中国美学界长盛不衰的研究热点之一。此外,该意象在文论外的领域也展现出长足的生命力,作为常见成语被广泛使用。本文共分三章。绪论部分对"芙蓉出水批评意象"做了界定,同时梳理了当前的研究现状。尤其是绪论中提出的"意象批评六要素",即世界、批评家、批评客体、意、批评意象和读者,它们相互作用形成了整个意象批评的生发过程,是本文展开批评意象研究的理论基础。第一章《"芙蓉出水"批评意象的形成背景》中,主要分析了在南朝的时代背景下,作为"芙蓉出水"批评意象和批评客体间共通的"内在之意":"自然"和"丽"这两大美学概念是如何在玄佛合流、文人审美、个人抒情等多方面因素影响下生成的。同时通过历时性梳理"芙蓉出水"在文学作品中的变迁,得到"芙蓉"意象具有自然明丽之物色美,同时象喻女性美,象喻君子之高洁,并在佛教思想影响下产生了"出淤泥而不染"的新内涵。第二章《南朝时期"芙蓉出水"批评意象的建立》中,首先采用历时性文本分析法,确定汤惠休"芙蓉出水"批评意象先于"初发芙蓉"批评意象提出;且通过语源分析,得出其是佛教文化影响下的产物。其次进入"芙蓉出水"批评意象的具体生发过程中,分析该批评意象其实是由批评家汤惠休引入佛教观念,借"芙蓉出水"称赞谢灵运作品出尘脱俗,并由此来贬斥颜延之诗"错彩镂金"之世俗。本文的创新点主要有二:一是通过文献整理,简历表格,从历时性角度整体梳理了一遍唐五代前"芙蓉出水"意象的发展与变迁,并借此解决了一些如"芙蓉出水"、"初发芙蓉"发生先后之类的文学史问题;二是利用"意象批评六要素"对意象批评整体建构过程进行了解构,理清了"芙蓉出水"批评意象的生发过程,以及各要素在其中发挥的作用。
[Abstract]:Critical imagery refers to a "image" that exists in the activities of image criticism and is used to convey some literary ideas or critical views. In our country, image criticism, as one of the most representative methods of criticism in ancient literary theory, has always been a hot research field in the academic world. The article chooses the criticism image of "lotus water" as the research object in the northern and Southern Dynasties. It aims to open a new research category for the ancient Chinese literary theory through the preliminary exploration of the creation of this classic criticism image. "Lotus water" is one of the most influential and critical images. It was proposed by Tang Huixiu, the poem monk of Liu Song, because of Zhong Rong's poem. In the Tang Dynasty, the variation image of "autumn water Hibiscus" in the Song Dynasty developed into a special image metaphor for Xie Lingyun's poetry and the fresh and natural style of writing. At the same time, "lotus water", as the representative of "natural beauty", as opposed to "artificial beauty" as "artificial beauty", has always been the long Chinese aesthetic circle. In addition, the image has also shown great vitality in the field of literary theory, which is widely used as a common idiom. This article is divided into three chapters. The introduction part of the introduction of the "lotus water critical image" is defined, and combed the current research status. Especially in the introduction of the "six elements of image criticism", namely The world, the critic, the criticism object, the meaning, the criticism image and the reader, they interact with each other to form the process of the whole image criticism, which is the theoretical basis for the study of the criticism image. In the first chapter, the background of the formation of the critical image of "lotus water" is mainly analyzed as the critical image of the "lotus water" under the background of the Southern Dynasties. The two aesthetic concepts, "nature" and "beauty", are created by many factors such as "nature" and "beauty", which are influenced by many factors such as the synflow of metaphysics, the aesthetic of the literati, and the individual Lyric. The beauty of women, like the Gao Jie of the gentleman, and the new connotation of "out of mud without dyed" under the influence of Buddhist thought. In the second chapter, in the establishment of the criticism image of the "lotus water" in the Southern Dynasties, the author first adopted the diachronic text analysis to determine the criticism image of "Fu Rong out of the water" before the criticism image of "first Furong". It is concluded that it is the product of the influence of the Buddhist culture. Secondly, during the specific birth process of the critical image of "lotus water", the critical image was analyzed by Tang Huixiu, a critic, which was introduced into the Buddhist concept, and by the "lotus water", he praised Xie Lingyun's works for its dust and vulgarity, and was criticized by this to the secular of Yan Yanzhi's poetry. There are two main new points: first, through the literature review, resume form, from the diachronic perspective, the development and changes of the "lotus water" image before the Tang and Five Dynasties are combed, and some literary history problems such as "lotus water" and "first Furong" have been solved, and the two is to use the "six elements of image criticism" to build the image criticism as a whole. The construction process was deconstructed, and the birth process of the critical image of "lotus water coming out" was clarified, and the role played by various elements in it was also clarified.
【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I206.2

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