东晋文人心态与文学研究

发布时间：2018-06-11 16:24

本文选题：东晋 + 文人　；参考：《安徽大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本篇论文从文人心态的角度进行研究,通过对东晋初期、中期、后期社会环境对文人心态影响的分析,展现东晋文人不同阶段的心态流变,阐释东晋初期、中期、后期文人所具有的普遍性或代表性心态,并重点剖析不同阶段的文人心态对文学创作的影响。全文分为导论、正文、余论三个部分。导论阐释“心态”的基本含义,对东晋分期进行界定；简述本课题的研究现状、研究价值。正文部分包括三章。第一章主要分析了东晋初期的文人心态及其文学创作。西晋末年动乱的时局、东晋初年百废待兴的局面、“王与马共天下”等都影响到东晋初期文人心态。受此影响,东晋文人心态呈现出以匡扶晋室的中兴心态为主,以淡泊飘逸的超世心态为辅的特点。在此种心态影响下,文学作品的主题密切联系政治,而讴歌新朝的大赋也一度盛行。第二章主要分析了东晋中期的文人心态及文学创作。稳定的社会政治局面,玄学、佛教的盛行是东晋中期影响文人心态的两大因素。受此影响,文人心态以清静虚无的玄佛心态和感伤迁逝的悲剧心态为主,且以玄虚空灵的玄佛心态为主流。在此种心态的影响下,文人创作了大量内容玄虚的作品,且倾向于使用“兴寄”的创作手法。第三章主要分析了东晋后期文人的心态及文学创作。门阀士族腐朽不堪,皇权势力趁机扩张,门阀政治行将覆灭,文人山水审美意识勃发等因素导致文人心态发生变化。保全自身的无奈心态和潇洒自适的悠游心态成为主流心态。受此影响,文学创作回归抒情传统,诗歌出现“物我泯一”的境界。余论将本课题内容进行扩展,将东晋文人心态与南朝文人心态进行对比。东晋与南朝同为偏安江左的政权。但文人心态与文学创作并不相同。东晋文人特别是士族文人凭借高贵的出生,自始自终以逍遥自适心态自居。文学创作重视“神”、“理”,妙悟。南朝文人尤其是南朝皇室,因下级将领的出身,皇室常怀有自卑心态。随着文化水平提高,皇族心态才由自卑转为自信,其文学创作倾向于世俗之情与形式之美。
[Abstract]:Through the analysis of the influence of the social environment on the literati mentality in the early, middle and later periods of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, this paper shows the changes of the mentality of the scholars in different stages of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and explains the initial and middle periods of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. The later writers have the universal or representative mentality, and analyze the influence of the different stages of the literati mentality on literary creation. The full text is divided into three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. The introduction explains the basic meaning of "mentality", defines the stages of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and briefly describes the present research situation and research value of this subject. The text includes three chapters. The first chapter mainly analyzes the literati mentality and literary creation in the early Eastern Jin Dynasty. The turbulent situation in the late Western Jin Dynasty, the situation of the early Eastern Jin Dynasty, the situation of "King and horse in the world together" all affected the mentality of scholars in the early Eastern Jin Dynasty. Influenced by this, the mentality of the scholars in the Eastern Jin Dynasty was characterized by the ZTE mentality of Kuang Fu Jin Room, supplemented by the surpassing mentality of indifferent and elegant. Under the influence of this mentality, the themes of literary works were closely related to politics, and the great Fu of the Acura of the New Dynasty also prevailed. The second chapter mainly analyzes the literati mentality and literary creation in the middle of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. The stable social and political situation, the prevalence of metaphysics and Buddhism are the two major factors influencing the mentality of literati in the middle of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Influenced by this, the mentality of literati is mainly the mind-set of the metaphysical Buddha and the tragic state of sadness, and the mainstream is the mind-set of the metaphysical Buddha. Under the influence of this kind of mentality, the literati created a lot of mysterious works, and tended to use the creative technique of "Xingzhi". The third chapter mainly analyzes the mentality and literary creation of the literati in the late Eastern Jin Dynasty. The decayed family of the door valve, the expansion of the imperial power force, the imminent extinction of the door valve politics and the flourishing aesthetic consciousness of the literati led to the change of the literati mentality. To preserve their own helpless mentality and natural and self-adapted state of mind to become the mainstream state of mind. Influenced by this, literary creation returns to lyrical tradition, and poetry appears the realm of "one thing I lose". The last part expands the content of this subject and compares the mentality of the scholars in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Southern Dynasty. The Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Southern Dynasty were the regime on the left of the Yangtze River. But literati mentality and literary creation are not the same. The Eastern Jin literati, especially the literati, by virtue of noble birth, from the beginning to the end to be at ease. Literary creation attaches importance to "God", "reason", Miao Wu. The Southern Dynasty literati, especially the Southern Dynasty royal family, often have a inferiority complex because of the origin of the lower generals. With the improvement of cultural level, the imperial family's mentality changed from inferiority to self-confidence, and its literary creation tended to secular feeling and formal beauty.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：I206.2

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