刘熙载文艺正变发展观研究

发布时间：2018-06-22 21:44

本文选题：刘熙载 + “正变观”　；参考：《山东师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：刘熙载,晚清著名文艺批评理论家,其思想理论主要集中于《艺概》一书当中。《艺概》以札论形式对清代以前的作家、作品、文学流变和创作方法等问题进行论述。而其正变观正是支撑其文论思想的重要批评方法之一。由其正变观我们可以清晰地认识到他的文化立场、理论来源、审美态度、评价标准等多方面的思想内容。刘熙载针对文体的不同类型,探究各类文体的发源与流变,在总结和评点前人论说的基础之上,提出了诸多颇具建设性的文论观点。论文分为以下几个部分:第一部分,刘熙载正变观的理论渊源。正变观由儒家传统的“风雅正变”观念发展而来,是一个具有独立精神的古代诗学概念,内容丰富,历史悠久。在历史的演进过程中,逐渐与“奇正”、“通变”、“复变”、“雅正”等文学范畴和哲学思想交叉融合,形成了一种中国古代独有的批评观念和批评理论。正变观不但能反映时代的审美风向还能直接体现学者的理论素养和文学情趣,是研究文体发展的一个重要维度。第二部分,刘熙载的文体正变观。以散文的历史发展为线索,刘熙载将文体的源头追溯到“六经”,极力推崇“六经”的典范作用。同时,刘熙载重视文本之间的渊源关系,崇尚文体之“变”,并倡导文体的发展要因“时”而变,以“时”为大。第三部分,刘熙载的诗体正变观。刘熙载提出了以“出于《骚》者为正,出于《庄》者为变”的诗学正变观。划分了《庄》、《骚》两种诗歌的审美范式,注重诗歌的精神内涵,核心表达出以儒为本的文化立场。并尊崇符合儒家诗教精神的文学作品,尊崇继承“风雅正宗”的曹植之诗以及“诗之变,情之正”的杜甫之诗。第四部分,刘熙载的词体正变观。刘熙载一改前人以“婉约”为正的词学传统,反尊“豪放”为正。将词体的源头追溯到李白之《忆秦娥》,赞赏“声情悲壮”的词风。此外,将词人的人格与词作的好坏直接挂钩,尊崇“君子之词”。
[Abstract]:Liu Xizai, a famous literary and art critic theorist in late Qing Dynasty, his ideological theory is mainly concentrated in the book "Art outline". In the form of a series of theories, Liu Xizai deals with the problems of writers, works, literary changes and creative methods before the Qing Dynasty. But its positive change view is one of the important critical methods to support his literary theory thought. We can clearly recognize his cultural position, theoretical source, aesthetic attitude, evaluation criteria and so on. According to different types of style, Liu Xizai explores the origin and evolution of all kinds of styles, and puts forward many constructive literary viewpoints on the basis of summing up and commenting on the previous theories. The thesis is divided into the following parts: the first part, the theoretical origin of Liu Xizai's view of positive change. The concept of positive change is developed from the traditional Confucian concept of "elegance is changing". It is an independent concept of ancient poetics with rich contents and a long history. In the process of historical evolution, it gradually merges with the literary category and philosophy such as "Qizheng", "General change", "complex change", "Yazheng" and so on, and forms a unique criticism concept and theory in ancient China. Positive change not only reflects the aesthetic trend of the times, but also directly reflects the academic literacy and literary taste, and is an important dimension of the development of research style. The second part, Liu Xizai's style is changing. Taking the historical development of prose as a clue, Liu Xizai traced the origin of his style to the six Classics and highly praised the exemplary role of the six Classics. At the same time, Liu Xizai attached great importance to the relationship between texts, advocated the "change" of style, and advocated that the development of style should be changed by "time", taking "time" as the big one. The third part, Liu Xizai's poetic style is changing. Liu Xizai put forward the concept of "out of Sao" as positive and out of "Zhuang > as change". The aesthetic paradigms of Zhuang and Sao are divided and the spiritual connotation of poetry is emphasized and the cultural standpoint based on Confucianism is expressed at the core. He respected literary works in line with the Confucian poetic spirit, Cao Zhi's poems, which inherited "elegant and authentic Buddhism" and du Fu's poems, "the change of poetry and the integrity of feelings". The fourth part, Liu Xizai's ci style is changing view. Liu Xizai changed his predecessor's ci-poetry tradition of politeness and deference. The origin of ci style is traced back to Li Bai's "recalling Qin E", and the ci style of "voice and emotion is sad and strong" is appreciated. In addition, the personality of ci-writers and the good or bad ci-writing directly linked to respect for the "words of a gentleman."
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I206.2

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