行走的力量—徐则臣小说论

发布时间：2018-06-28 06:55

本文选题：出走 + 归乡　；参考：《安徽大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：徐则臣从1997年开始写作,迄今为止,已经出版五部中短篇小说集、四部长篇小说,斩获多个文学奖项,部分作品也在国外流传。他被称为是中国"70后作家的光荣",他的作品"标示出了一个人在青年时代可能达到的灵魂眼界"。目前,学术界的各种评论主要集中于徐则臣小说的三类题材:"京漂"、"故乡"和"谜团"系列。自《跑步穿过中关村》面世之后,其作品被冠以"京漂小说"、"底层文学"之名,成为70一代辨识度高的作家。然而,这对徐则臣来说并非幸事。尽管他的小说涉及"京漂",但由此便定义他是写"京漂"的作家,这对他来说过于片面,徐则臣的小说并不仅仅涉及对社会热点问题的关注,在对琐碎生活钜细靡遗的表现之下,作家的所思所想为一种更加超验、更具思辨性的"出走"主题表达。《啊,北京》作为徐则臣的早期代表作,表征的是诗意天真的北京想象,苦涩的生存现实被主人公的盲目乐观冲淡;到了《跑步穿过中关村》,敦煌开始质疑现状,圆满的生活理想在现实的撞击下出现裂痕;《天上人间》《我们在北京相遇》《把脸拉下》则代表了追梦人梦境的破碎;《夜火车》的出现深化了身份悬空给个体带来的困难。在物质主义盛行的当下,自我寻求中裹挟着欲望话语的媚俗,个体置身于固有体制时心神难宁,"出走"后生存之境艰险复杂,个体与现代化进程的角力远没有结束,而这些写作旨趣都凝聚在作家"出走"主题的阐释之中。因此,论文第一章首先基于文本对徐则臣小说中的出走及回归意识作出解读。出于自我寻求、突围心灵痼疾、叛逃父辈文化的渴望,小说中的人物纷纷告别故土,奔向城市,然而生活的困境仍然存在,于是归乡与否成了另一个需要被正视的难题,作家的表达旨意是,需要一场身体和灵魂的同步返乡,唯此才能真正心安。第二章从艺术层面分析徐则臣的写作特色。作家在写作中融入了个人悲观理想主义者的人生观,因而"出走"群体的出走必然有理想主义的激情也有理想和现实抵牾后的悲观情绪,其次,作家秉持现实主义写作的真实性原则,对生活进行客观呈现,凸现以经济突变为特征的中国城市化实践之路的艰深、复杂以及个体在此过程中遭遇的疼痛和尴尬。第三章主要阐释徐则臣小说"出走"主题的意义与价值。在作家的表达序列中,人物"出走"后遭遇现代化的生存法则,个人身份已然处于生存基础和文化意义上的双重悬空局面,并在一定程度上造成了他们的生存困局,而"出走"群体的归乡行为实际上是以重构文化身份的努力突围当下的混沌生活,凸显行走的力量。与善良、温情的直白表露不同,徐则臣的小说更倾向于对美好、正大的求解,在求解的过程中释放人物的焦虑和疑惑,试图解决精神世界的心安问题。在此番表达中,作家以无差别的爱意关怀着每一个"出走""个体,构建灵魂关怀的叙事维度,显示当代英雄的感人力量。
[Abstract]:Xu Zechen began to write in 1997, so far, has published five collections of short stories, four novels, won a number of literary awards, some of the works have also been circulated abroad. He was described as the glory of a post-1970s writer in China, and his work "marked a spiritual vision that one might attain in his youth." At present, various comments in academic circles mainly focus on the three themes of Xu Zichen's novels: Beijing floating, hometown and mystery series. Since the publication of running through Zhongguancun, his works have been dubbed "Beijing drift novel" and "bottom literature", and become a highly recognizable writer of the 70 generation. However, this is not a blessing for Xu Zichen. Although his novel involves "Beijing drift", it defines him as the writer who wrote "Beijing drift", which is too one-sided for him. Xu Zichen's novel is not only concerned with the hot social issues. Under the expression of the great details of trivial life, what the writer thinks is a more transcendental and speculative expression of the theme of "leaving the country". < ah, Beijing, as Xu Zichen's early masterpiece, represents the poetic and naive imagination of Beijing. The bitter reality of existence is watered down by the hero's blind optimism; by the time "running through Zhongguancun", Dunhuang began to question the status quo. The ideal of a satisfactory life is cracked under the impact of reality; "the Earth and Heaven" We meet in Beijing "pull down our face" represents the broken dream of the dreamer; the appearance of "Night Train" deepens the difficulties brought to the individual by the suspense of identity. At the present time when materialism is prevailing, the self-seeking is beset with the vulgarity of the words of desire, the individual is in the inherent system, the state of existence is difficult and complex, and the struggle between the individual and the modernization process is far from over. And these writing purport are condensed in the explanation of the writer's theme of "leaving the country". Therefore, the first chapter of the thesis based on the text of Xu Zichen's novels of the runaway and the sense of return to make an interpretation. Out of self-seeking, the chronic illness of breaking through the mind, the desire to defect the culture of his parents, the characters in the novel bid farewell to their native land and run to the city one after another. However, the dilemma of life still exists, so whether or not to return to one's hometown has become another difficult problem that needs to be faced squarely. The writer's will is that he needs a simultaneous return of body and soul to truly peace of mind. The second chapter analyzes Xu Zichen's writing characteristics from the artistic level. The writer has incorporated the personal pessimistic idealist's outlook on life in his writing, so the exodus of the "runaway" group must have the passion of idealism as well as the pessimism after the contradiction between ideal and reality. Based on the principle of realism, the writer objectively presents his life and highlights the difficulty and complexity of China's urbanization practice characterized by economic catastrophe, as well as the pain and embarrassment encountered by individuals in the process. The third chapter mainly explains the meaning and value of the theme of Xu Zichen's novel runaway. In the expression sequence of the writer, the characters encounter the modern survival law after "leaving", the personal identity is already in the double suspense situation of the survival foundation and the cultural meaning, and to a certain extent caused their survival difficult situation. In fact, the returning behavior of the "runaway" group is to break through the current chaotic life with the effort of reconstructing the cultural identity, and to highlight the power of walking. Different from the direct expression of kindness and warmth, Xu Zichen's novels tend to solve the problem of beauty and justice, release the anxiety and doubt of the characters in the process of solving, and try to solve the problem of mind peace in the spiritual world. In this expression, the writer cares for each "runaway" individual with undifferentiated love, constructs the narrative dimension of soul care, and shows the moving power of the contemporary hero.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I207.42

【参考文献】