康德“美是道德的象征”在先验体系中的构架性意义——兼论美学学科的道德形上形态

发布时间：2018-11-26 21:01

【摘要】："美是道德的象征",是康德在第三批判中提出的新的美学定义或命题,其实就是美学学科的一种新的理论形态。第三批判由"美学—目的论"二重结构组合起来,其组合的内部线索,许多专家感到难以理解与把握。其实,康德在三大批判中设计的两套原理:"构成性原理—范导性原理"与"决定的判断力—反省的判断力",把先验体系置于最高层面上统辖起来。其中"反省判断力"别具一格,处于先验体系最高的视点上,以"道德目的论/道德神学"的超感性存在与普遍立法—对形式感性立法,通向"美是道德的象征",并转折向下与感性的"形式的合目的性"衔接起来,从而沟通"美学—目的论"(或"自由—自然"),使三大批判体系最后达到和谐统一。这便是"美是道德的象征"在先验体系中的构架性意义和作用,亦是美学学科新形态的确证。
[Abstract]:"Beauty is the symbol of morality", a new definition or proposition put forward by Kant in the third criticism, is actually a new theoretical form of aesthetics. The third criticism is combined by the double structure of Aesthetics-Skopos Theory. Many experts find it difficult to understand and grasp the internal clues of the combination. In fact, the two sets of principles designed by Kant in the three critiques: "Constitutive principle" and "decision judgment-introspection judgment", govern the transcendental system at the highest level. Among them, "introspection judgment" is unique, at the highest point of view of the transcendental system, with the "moral teleology / moral theology" of the super-perceptual existence and universal legislation-to the form of perceptual legislation, leading to "beauty is the symbol of morality". And turning down to the perceptual "form of purpose" to link up, so as to communicate "Aesthetics-Skopos" (or "freedom-nature"), so that the three critical systems to achieve harmony and unity. This is the frame meaning and function of "Beauty is the symbol of morality" in the transcendental system, and it is also the confirmation of the new form of aesthetic discipline.
【作者单位】：湛江师范学院中文系;
【分类号】：B83-09

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