康德审美反思判断的现象学性质及其意义

发布时间：2018-12-29 19:44

【摘要】：研究康德美学，最好是从方法论着手。而胡塞尔现象学对于理解康德美学具有特殊意义。在现象学视野下，可以发现，反思判断是理解康德美学的关键。反思判断不同于规定判断，不是以“普遍归摄特殊”，而是“从特殊寻求普遍”，，暗含着胡塞尔“现象学还原”的思路。康德的审美判断作为反思判断一开始就立足于情感（特殊），而把对象的存在加以悬搁，超越了认识论（客观主义）美学。康德从先验主义立场出发，努力纯化审美判断，确立起情感的普遍本质结构，从而超越心理学（心理主义）美学，显示了胡塞尔现象学“先验还原”的思想萌芽。康德美学正是依靠这样一套“准现象学方法”实现对前康德美学具有重要意义的方法论革命，为近代美学向现代美学转化提供了重要契机。
[Abstract]:To study Kant's aesthetics, it is best to start with methodology. Husserl's phenomenology is of special significance in understanding Kant's aesthetics. From the perspective of phenomenology, it can be found that reflective judgment is the key to understanding Kant's aesthetics. The reflective judgment is different from the prescriptive judgment. It is not based on "generality", but on "seeking universality from the special", implying Husserl's idea of "phenomenological restoration". Kant's aesthetic judgment, as a reflective judgment, was based on emotion (special) at the beginning, and the existence of object was suspended, which transcended the aesthetics of epistemology (objectivism). From the standpoint of transcendentalism, Kant tried to purify aesthetic judgment and establish the universal essential structure of emotion, thus transcending the aesthetics of psychology (psychology) and showing the germination of Husserl's phenomenology "transcendental restoration". Kant's aesthetics relies on such a set of "quasi-phenomenological methods" to realize the methodological revolution which is of great significance to pre-Kant 's aesthetics, which provides an important opportunity for the transformation of modern aesthetics to modern aesthetics.
【作者单位】：湖北大学政治与行政学院!湖北武汉 430062
【分类号】：B83-09

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