中国古代美学家的“生存问题”

发布时间：2019-02-27 17:56

【摘要】：正一人的生存具有多重性。宦场浮沉,文途通塞,家运盛衰,这是“实”的生存;心态辨静,情致浓淡,意欲强弱,这是“虚”的生存;有幸(或不幸)生于何种时代,浸淫(或逃避)何种文化氛围,顺应(或反拨)何种思想潮流,这是生存的大背景;拜何人为师,交何人为友,与何人同里同窗同僚,这是生存的小环境。“实”与“虚”的相生相悖,“大”与“小”的相斥相随,交织成中国古代美学家的“生存问题”:个体所拥有的物质的人文的生存状态以及对此状态的独特的体验与感悟。 “生存问题”的产生有着双重缘由:外在于人的时代、社会,与主体自身的思想、性格。魏晋时期的两大美学家,阮籍与嵇康,他们的生存状态颇为糟糕。环绕着他们的,是社会的动荡不安,政治的险恶卑污,权贵的或拉拢或排挤,小人的或谄媚或诬谤,友朋的或误解或背离……陷于如此恶劣的生存
[Abstract]:The survival of a man has a multiplicity. The eunuchs are floating and sinking, the passage of literature, the prosperity and decline of family luck, this is the survival of "reality", the state of mind is clear, the feeling is thick, the desire is strong or weak, this is the existence of "virtual"; It is the big background of survival that we are lucky (or unfortunate) to be born in what times, to immerse in (or escape) what cultural atmosphere, to conform to (or reverse) what kind of thought trend, this is the big background of survival; It is a small environment to live in what people are teachers, who are friends, and whom they are friends with. "reality" and "virtual" contradicted each other, and "big" and "small" rejected each other, interwoven into the "survival problem" of ancient Chinese aestheticians: the living state of the human nature of the material owned by the individual and the unique experience and understanding of this state. There are two reasons for the existence problem: man's age, society, and the main body's own thought and character. Ruan Ji and Ji Kang, the two major aestheticians of the Wei and Jin dynasties, lived in a rather poor state. They are surrounded by social unrest, political despicable, powerful or drawn up or excluded, petty or flattering or slander, friend or friend misunderstood or deviated. Trapped in such a bad life
【作者单位】：中南民族学院
【分类号】：B83-09

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