“一”与“多”:中西艺术形式创造差异的哲学基础

发布时间：2018-03-24 18:48

本文选题：中西艺术　切入点：形式创造　出处：《民族艺术研究》2016年06期

【摘要】："一"与"多"是中西艺术形式创造差异的哲学基础,即古代中国人的艺术形式创造基础是从"一"生"多"--"以一求多",古代西方人的艺术形式创造基础是以"多"归"一"--"以多求一"。在美学上,我们也可以这样说,中国艺术形式创造的"以一求多",是审美上的以"同"得"异";西方艺术形式创造的"以多求一",却是审美上的以"异"得"同"。这种对艺术形式创造的特殊处理和独具风格的审美特性及哲学基础,构成了中国艺术与西方艺术之间根本的差异内质。而中西方艺术在形式创造上的这种规律特性,是历史的文化演进所规定的,也与各自的历史审美要求和艺术欣赏习惯相契合。唯其如此,中国艺术的创作原则是"写意性"的,西方艺术的创作原则是"写实性"的。中国艺术的"写意性"原则,要求的是从"类"--"一"上的相似基础上的"个别"的"形似",即"同"中得"异"的"似"--"神似";西方艺术的创作原则刚好相反,是"写实性"的,要求的是从"个别"--"多"上的"形似"基础上的"一"的相似,即"异"中求"同"的"似"--"真似"。
[Abstract]:"one" and "many" are the philosophical basis for the differences between Chinese and Western artistic forms. That is to say, the artistic form creation of ancient Chinese is based on "one" "living" more ""-"seeking more with one", while the artistic form creation of ancient Westerners is based on "more" to "one"-"seeking more than one". In aesthetics, we can also say this. The creation of Chinese art form by "seeking more with one" is aesthetic "same" to "different"; the Western art form "seeking for one" is aesthetic "different" to "same". This special place to create art form. The aesthetic characteristics and philosophical foundation of reason and unique style, It constitutes the fundamental difference between Chinese art and western art, and this regular characteristic of form creation in Chinese and western art is stipulated by the evolution of history culture. It also coincides with their respective historical aesthetic requirements and artistic appreciation habits. Only then, the creation principle of Chinese art is "freehand brushwork", the creation principle of western art is "realistic", and the "freehand brushwork" principle of Chinese art is "freehand brushwork". What is required is "individual" "likeness" on the basis of similarity on "class"-"one", that is, "similarity" from "different" from "same"-"divine resemblance"; the creative principles of western art are just opposite and are "realistic". What is required is the similarity of "one" on the basis of "individual"-"more", that is, "similarity" of "same"-"true similarity" from "different".
【作者单位】：上海大学影视艺术技术学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目《中华民国艺术史》“导论”卷(项目批准号:14YJA760010) 国家“十三五”重点出版入选项目的阶段性成果之一
【分类号】：J0-03

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