语域理论视角下《讹诈》的语篇分析

发布时间：2018-03-25 05:10

本文选题：语场　切入点：语旨　出处：《辽宁大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：《讹诈》节选自阿瑟·黑利的著名小说《大饭店》,是其中的一个精彩故事。他的作品往往以美国社会为背景,揭露行业内部的矛盾与危机,从而反映出美国社会的方方面面。因此他被称为“社会问题小说家”。近年来许多学者分别尝试从不同的角度对他的作品展开研究,如翻译对等、文体学、语用学等角度。本论文从系统功能语言学角度出发,旨在提供一个新的视角,通过语域理论并结合语言的三大元功能对这部作品的节选部分进行分析。语域理论是韩礼德系统功能语法的重要理论之一,为分析语篇提供了一个语言学方向的理论支持。语域这一概念是随着语境理论的发展而得出的。韩礼德对语域理论进行了详细研究,他将语域定义为根据用途来区分的语言变体,并强调语言随语境而变化,情景因素影响语言功能。他认为语域理论包含三个变量：语场、语旨和语式。这三个变量会随着语域的变化而变化。其中,语场指实际发生的事情,包括语言发生的环境,讲话者及其他参与者的整个活动,相当于主题,同时也决定着语篇的语言特征；语旨指交际参与者之间的关系,包括参与者的社会地位和角色关系；语式指语言交际的渠道。这三个变量又分别制约着语言的三大元功能,即概念功能、人际功能和语篇功能。利用语域理论分析语篇,可以较好地避免主观臆断,将语言的形式与意义结合起来。本文运用语域理论的三个变量对《讹诈》这一语篇进行了分析,分别从语场、语旨以及语式的角度对语篇的背景、主题、人物关系、语言特点及作用、人物性格等方面进行了详细阐述,同时根据语域理论三个变量与语言的三大元功能之间的对应关系,通过及物性系统、语气及情态系统、主位结构与衔接结构的分析揭示出语篇中语场、语旨与语式是如何通过语言的概念功能、人际功能与语篇功能得以体现的,从而从功能语言学的角度对《讹诈》的语域变量做出诠释。本文由导论、正文和结论三部分组成。主要内容如下：第一部分是导论。导论部分主要就论文涉及的语域理论研究以及对语篇的界定进行简要概括和总结,提出本文研究的目的以及所用的方法,并指出从语域理论角度分析语篇的重要意义,提出该研究的理论价值和实用价值。从理论上来说,本文旨在为分析语篇提供理论支持与具体的操作方法；就实践价值而言,语域理论丰富了语篇分析的方式与途径,特别是对文学作品的分析与研究有着非常大的作用。第二部分是正文,由四章组成：第一章为文献综述,由三小节组成。第一小节主要阐述语域的概念以及语域理论的发展；第二小节详细论述了语域理论的三个变量、语言的三大元功能,以及两者之间的对应关系；第三小节是对《讹诈》这一文学作品以及作者的简要介绍。第二章为语篇《讹诈》的语场分析,通过讹诈发生的背景和表达的主题来说明语场,并通过概念功能中及物性系统的分析,以及与节选内容主题相关的词汇选择来实现语场。第三章为语篇《讹诈》的语旨分析,从阐述主要人物之间的关系来分析语旨,论述了语篇中人物的权势对角色与交际关系变化的影响,并通过分析人际功能中的语气系统与情态系统,以及节选的语篇中出现的称谓语来实现语旨。第四章为语篇《讹诈》的语式分析,主要通过选取语篇中人物对话的例子以及运用的第三人称全知视角的叙述方式来分析语式,并且依赖语篇功能的主位结构以及衔接系统来实现语式。最后一部分为结论。基于之前的研究,这部分主要对本文的论述作总结概括。通过对这部小说的节选部分进行语场、语旨和语式三个变量的分析,以及如何从三个变量所决定的语言元功能来实现它们,语篇分析在形式与意义上实现了统一。本文为研究语篇提供了系统的理论支持与行之有效的方法,对如何从系统功能语言学的角度更好地解析与理解语篇提供了借鉴。
[Abstract]:< > blackmail excerpt from Arthur Hailey's famous novel "Hotel", is a wonderful story of them. His works often in American society as the background, expose contradictions and crises within the industry, which reflects all aspects of American society. So he was called "the social problem of small said." in recent years many scholars try to study on his works from different angles, such as translation, stylistics, pragmatics. This paper from the perspective of systemic functional linguistics, aims to provide a new perspective, through the register theory and three metafunctions of language to analyze the excerpt of the works of the register theory. Hallidy is one of the important theory of systemic functional grammar, provides support for a theory of linguistics in discourse analysis. The concept of register is obtained with the development of the theory of context of Hallidy. The register theory is studied in detail, he defined register as a variety of a language distinguished according to use, and that language varies with the context, situational language function factors. He thinks that the register theory contains three variables: field, tenor and mode. These three variables will change with the register change. Among them, the field of discourse refers to the actual events, including the language environment, speakers and other participants in the whole event, the equivalent of the theme, but also determines the linguistic features of discourse; tenor refers to the relationship between the participants, including the relationship between social status and roles of participants; language refers to the language of communication channels. These three variables are restricting the three metafunctions of language, namely, ideational function, interpersonal function and textual function. Discourse analysis based on register theory, can effectively avoid the subjective judgment, the language form and The significance of combined. This paper uses three variables of register theory on "blackmail > this text is analyzed respectively from the field, tenor and mode of discourse background, perspective on the theme of discourse, the relationship between the characters, language features and functions, aspects of the character in detail, at the same time according to the corresponding relationship among the three meta functions of three variables of register theory and language, by transitivity system, mood and modality, thematic structure and cohesion structure analysis reveals the discourse in the language field, tenor and mode of discourse is how the ideational function, interpersonal function and textual function which can reflect. To make the interpretation of < > blackmail register variables from the perspective of functional linguistics. This paper consists of introduction, text and conclusion of three parts. The main contents are as follows: the first part is the introduction. The introduction mainly relates to the register theory to And the definitions of discourse are briefly summarized and summarized, this paper puts forward the research purpose and method of use, and points out the important significance of discourse analysis from the perspective of register theory, put forward the research theory value and practical value. In theory, this paper aims to provide theoretical support and the specific operation method for the analysis of language article; practice value, register theory enriches discourse analysis ways and means, especially plays an important role in the analysis and Research on the literary works. The second part is the main body, is composed of four chapters: the first chapter is literature review, which consists of three sections. The first section mainly elaborates the concept and register the development of register theory; the second section discusses the three variables of register theory and three metafunctions of language, correspondence and the relationship between the two; the third section is on the literary works < > blackmail And a brief introduction of the author. The second chapter is the discourse "blackmail > field of discourse analysis, and through the expression of blackmail the background topic to illustrate the field, and through the analysis of transitivity in ideational function, and the choice of words associated with the theme of the excerpts to achieve language field. The third chapter is the analysis of discourse < > blackmail tenor, tenor to analysis from the relation between main characters, discusses the effects of textual characters change on the relationship between the role and power of communication, and through the analysis of interpersonal function, mood system and modality system, and discourse excerpts in the appellation to achieve the tenor. The fourth chapter is the analysis of discourse" blackmail > language, person omniscient perspective by choosing the discourse of dialogue in the third example and using the way of Narration Discourse Analysis, thematic structure and rely on the textual function and cohesion system To achieve language style. The last part is the conclusion. Based on previous research, this part mainly discusses the paper summed up. The field through the excerpt of the novel, tenor and mode analysis of three variables and three variables from the language how to decide to work to achieve them, discourse analysis in the realization of the unity of form and meaning. This paper provides theoretical support system and effective method for the study of discourse, how to draw from the perspective of systemic functional linguistics to better understand the discourse analysis and provides.

【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：H315.9;I046

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