文学的“言说”与作为第三方的批评家——列维纳斯与文学批评之一

发布时间：2018-04-13 20:34

本文选题：列维纳斯 + 文学批评　；参考：《文学评论》2017年03期

【摘要】：列维纳斯区分了"言说"和"所说":"言说"代表一种对他者原初的袒露,"所说"则是一种可以为众他者所共享的语言。文学由于其"迷"、两可和不可追溯等特点而接近于"言说";批评则是一种更强调公共性的书写,更近于"所说"。"言说"和"所说"的分野本质上是由于第三方的来临导致的,第三方代表了复数的他者到来,它带来了对于公正性的诉求,还带来了一个超越于二人场景之外的共同体。批评家在文学世界和公共生活中的身份类似于第三方,与生俱来就承担一种公共责任,第三方同时也带来了作者、读者和批评家三者身份的互换。批评家作为第三方的定位,有助于我们为现代主义文学在自身价值和公共价值的分野之间找到一条中和之道。
[Abstract]:Levinas distinguishes between "saying" and "speaking": "saying" represents a kind of exposure to the original other, and "saying" is a language that can be shared by all others.Literature is close to "speech" because of its characteristics of "mystery", "two can not be traced back" and so on; criticism is a kind of writing with more emphasis on publicity and closer to "saying". "The distinction between "saying" and "saying" is essentially caused by the coming of the third party, which represents the arrival of the other in the plural. It brings about the demand for fairness and a community beyond the two-person scene.The identity of the critic in the literary world and public life is similar to that of the third party, which is born with a kind of public responsibility, and the third party also brings the exchange of the identity of the author, the reader and the critic.The position of critics as a third party helps us find a way of neutralizing modernist literature between its own value and public value.
【作者单位】：华东师范大学中文系;
【基金】：国家社科基金青年项目“列维纳斯与文学批评研究”(编号:16CZW005),国家社科基金重大项目“当代西方前沿文论研究”(编号:12901—412121—14050)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：I06

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