加缪《西西弗神话》在中国大陆的接受研究

发布时间：2018-05-26 08:16

本文选题：加缪 + 《西西弗神话》　；参考：《四川师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：研究《西西弗神话——论荒诞》一书在中国大陆的接受史是非常有意义的,这不仅在于《西西弗神话》是诺贝文学奖获得者阿尔贝·加缪表达其“荒诞哲学”思想最直接、最集中的著作,也不仅在于该书是20世纪西方最具有规模、最具有体系的荒诞哲理,而且还在于它在中国大陆的接受史乃是存在主义思潮在中国大陆传播接受历史的一个缩影。从1947年法语专家吴达元发表关于《西西弗神话》评介的第一篇文章至今,笔者对《西西弗神话》的相关译著、研究论文以及论著等进行了爬梳整理,并根据近70年内时代的文化特征变化和学术研究进程,大致把研究划分为四个阶段。1947到1980年代是接受的起步时期。自1947年吴达元第一篇简要评介的文章后,50代处于研究空白,60年代因文化大革命影响,不多的两篇文章都站在无产阶级的立场,对加缪和《西西弗神话》持完全否定态度,政治色彩浓厚。改革开放以后,对《西西弗神话》的译介才真正展开,从节译本、全译本发展为全译单行本,除少数批评的声音,多数研究者都认为《西西弗神话》所表现出来的思想是积极的,80年代末《西西弗神话》还被编进文艺理论教程,“荒诞”也被作为一种审美范畴。这一时期各方面研究逐步展开,但深度还嫌不够;1990年代是接受的发展期。译本主要是80年代的再版。学者们对80年代末就出现的一些研究思路进行全面发微,对《西西弗神话》的荒诞-反抗思想从哲学、美学、伦理学、文学等多角度加以考察并重点进行了存在主义思想的解读。加缪关于“西西弗是幸福的”的结论也吸引了不少研究者的眼光,认为它激励了文革后传统价值体系分崩离析、精神信仰面临危机的一代人,赋予了西西弗神话时代意义,并随之大量出现了使用荒诞-反抗思想或者西西弗形象去解读其他作品或人事的做法。研究总体呈现深入化、学术化、专业化趋势的同时,市场上还出现了“西西弗”书店大大普及了受众;20世纪的第一个十年。出现了配图译本以迎合读者在视觉时代的读图渴望,《西西弗神话》也被编入高中和大学语文读本,影响进一步扩大。有关的硕、博论文、研究专文大量出现,呈现繁荣局面,但研究的路子和多数见解基本没有超出之前范围,甚至是对之前观点的简单重复;2010年至今,短短几年8家出版社对《西西弗神话》的重版、再版、新译本就多达15种,研究的专文远超过以往。加缪研究还出现了两篇接受史性质的论文,表明学者在重视经典文本的同时,也在反思以往对加缪及其《西西弗神话》的研究,这是研究走向成熟的一种标志。详尽的呈现《西西弗神话》在中国大陆的接受历程,可以让我们看清它是如何被排斥、被吸收、被改造的,如何广泛影响我们思想的,又为我国的文艺理论(含美学理论)、文艺批评、文艺创作提供了怎样的理论资源。
[Abstract]:It is very meaningful to study the reception history of the book "Sisyphus Myth-on absurdity" in mainland China. This is not only because Sisyphus Myth is the most direct expression of his "absurd philosophy" thought by Albert Camus, the winner of the Noble Prize for Literature. The most concentrated work is not only that it is the most large-scale and systematic absurd philosophy in the 20th century in the West, but also that its acceptance history in mainland China is a microcosm of the dissemination of existentialism in the Chinese mainland. From the first article published by French expert Wu Da-yuan in 1947 on the review of Sisyphus Myth, the author has made a scramble comb arrangement on the related translation, research papers and works of Sisyphus Myth. According to the changes of cultural characteristics and the process of academic research in the past 70 years, the research is divided into four stages: from 1947 to 1980s, which is the initial stage of acceptance. Since Wu Da-yuan 's first article was briefly reviewed in 1947, in the past 50 generations were in the research blank. In the 1960s, due to the influence of the Cultural Revolution, few of the two articles stood in the position of the proletariat and took a completely negative attitude towards Camus and the Myth of Sisyphus. There is a strong political color. After the reform and opening up, the translation and introduction of Sisyphus Myth really began. From the stanza version and the full version to the complete translation booklet, except for a few critical voices, Most researchers think that the thought of "Sisyphus Myth" is a positive one in the late 1980s, and it is also included in the course of literature and art theory, and "absurdity" is regarded as an aesthetic category. During this period, all aspects of the study began gradually, but the depth of the 1990s is not enough to accept the development period. The translation is mainly a reprint in the 1980 s. Scholars have made a thorough research on some of the research ideas that appeared in the late 1980s, from philosophy, aesthetics, ethics to the absurdity of the Myth of Sisyphus. Literature and other angles to investigate and focus on the interpretation of existentialism. Camus' conclusion that "Sisyphus is happy" also attracted the eyes of many researchers that it inspired the collapse of the traditional value system after the Cultural Revolution, the spiritual belief of a generation facing a crisis, giving Sicily mythical significance. Then came the use of absurd-resistance or Sisyphus to interpret other works or personnel. With the overall trend of deepening, academic and specialization, the Sisyphus bookstore has been widely used in the first decade of the 20th century. In order to cater for the readers' desire to read pictures in the visual age, Sisyphus Myth has been included in the Chinese reading books of high schools and universities, and the influence has been further expanded. There are a lot of papers, and research articles about it that are thriving, but the way and the majority of the ideas are basically no longer beyond the scope of the past, or even a simple repetition of the previous views; from 2010 to the present, In just a few years, there are as many as 15 new translations of Sisyphus Myth, which are reprinted by 8 publishers. Camus has also produced two papers on the nature of acceptance history, which shows that scholars attach importance to classical texts and reflect on previous studies of Camus and his Myth of Sisyphus, which is a sign of the maturity of the study. The detailed presentation of the acceptance process of Sisyphus in mainland China allows us to see how it has been rejected, absorbed, modified, and widely influenced in our thinking. What kind of theoretical resources are provided for Chinese literary theory (including aesthetic theory, literary criticism and literary creation).
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I0

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