新历史主义批评的人类学向度

发布时间：2018-05-31 22:12

本文选题：新历史主义 + 文化人类学　；参考：《湖南科技大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 在当代西方文学批评理论中,新历史主义是一个重要的流派。新历史主义与文化人类学之间具有广阔的通约性,可以彼此阐释和相互彰显。新历史主义涉入过去的符号系统,与人类学涉入他种文化的符号系统,这两种方法之间具有类比性。前者在进行文学批评时,试图实施人类学研究并关注不同文化的相遇及碰撞问题;而后者的“深描”学说,也吸收了大量的文学批评方法。新历史主义批评和文化人类学都通过“文化”这个核心概念对各自所研究的对象进行整合,从这个意义上来看,二者都具有跨学科的功能和作用。追溯新历史主义的渊源,传统的历史主义将其所关照的文化、历史当成一种社会事实,这与传统的人类学民族志进行实证研究有着惊人的相似;而新历史主义关于历史的当下性的论述,将其视为与文学创作一样具有虚构性的主张,恰又暗合了文化人类学中实证民族志向体验民族志转向的理论旨趣。通过对新历史主义批评的理论构成进行概述,不难看出新历史主义批评思想资源的人类学取向,主要是维柯《新科学》的人类学思想与格尔兹的解释人类学,重点体现在格尔兹文化人类学影响下的文化诗学。新历史主义批评理论观点的人类学取向,表现为文化人类学理论对于新历史主义批评两个方面的影响即:文化人类学中“文化造物”观点对新历史主义批评“自我塑造”观点带来的影响,以及文化人类学中民族志写作的转向对于新历史主义批评的历史文化观带来的影响,进而展示两种理论在文学与文化的互通性上所取得的共识,并从人类学对于文化的认知与阐释、作为文学批评的人类学方法,以及新历史主义的文化视角,着重探讨了文化人类学观点与新历史主义批评理论的内在联系。对新历史主义批评方法的文化人类学向度的分析,着重于方法论意义探讨新历史主义批评所采用的“厚描”与文化人类学的“深描”手法的殊途同归。
[Abstract]:Neo-historicism is an important school in contemporary western literary criticism theory. New historicism and cultural anthropology have broad compatibility, which can be explained and displayed mutually. New historicism is involved in the symbolic system of the past and anthropology is involved in the symbolic system of other cultures. The two methods have analogies. In literary criticism, the former tries to carry out anthropological research and pays attention to the encounter and collision of different cultures, while the latter's "deep drawing" theory also absorbs a large number of literary criticism methods. Both Neo-historicism criticism and cultural anthropology integrate their objects of study through the core concept of "culture". In this sense, both of them have interdisciplinary functions and functions. Tracing back to the origin of New historicism, the traditional historicism regards its culture as a kind of social fact, which is similar to the empirical study of traditional anthropological ethnography. However, the exposition of New historicism on the present nature of history is regarded as a false proposition as literary creation, which coincides with the theoretical purport of positive national ambition to experience ethnography in cultural anthropology. By summarizing the theoretical composition of New historicism criticism, it is not difficult to find out the anthropological orientation of Neo-historicism criticism ideological resources, mainly the anthropological thought of Vico's New Science and Gertz's hermeneutic Anthropology. The emphasis is on cultural poetics under the influence of Gertz's cultural anthropology. The Anthropological orientation of the New historicism critical Theory, The influence of the theory of cultural anthropology on the criticism of New historicism is as follows: the influence of the viewpoint of "cultural creation" in cultural anthropology on the view of "self-molding" of the criticism of neo-historicism. And the influence of the turn of ethnographic writing in cultural anthropology on the historical and cultural view of New historicism criticism, and then show the common understanding between the two theories in literature and culture. From the perspective of anthropology's cognition and interpretation of culture, the anthropological method of literary criticism, and the cultural perspective of New historicism, this paper mainly discusses the internal relationship between the viewpoint of cultural anthropology and the theory of New historicism criticism. This paper analyzes the cultural anthropology dimension of the new historicism criticism method, focusing on the methodological significance to explore the difference between the "thick drawing" and the "deep drawing" technique used in the new historicism criticism.
【学位授予单位】：湖南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：I06

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