从读者期待视野看林纾《黑奴吁天录》的翻译

发布时间：2018-10-14 08:40

【摘要】：在传统的翻译理论中,“作者中心论”和“文本中心论”占据统治地位,而没有考虑到读者的接受问题,甚至也没考虑到在翻译过程中,译者依据读者的接受来选用什么样的翻译策略。直到20世纪60年代,以现象学和解释学为理论基础,以人的接受实践为依据的接受理论诞生,人们找到了一种新的研究方法：从读者接受的角度来考察译文文本。姚斯的“读者期待视野”为解释读者导向的译文文本提供了一合理的视角。林纾是一位著名的翻译家。“林译”在中国翻译史上是一种独特的翻译现象,备受译界关注争论,有褒有贬,但普遍认为林译是“不忠实”的翻译。林纾的《黑奴吁天录》就是这样的一部译作。此译作并非体现作品的文学价值,而是有着特殊的翻译目的。林纾采用了特殊的翻译策略,其中误译误写的现象到处都是,从而饱受文学翻译批评家的批评甚至指责并认为它不是真正意义上的翻译。然而《黑奴吁天录》一经出版就为中国广大读者所接受和欢迎。林纾的译作不忠实于原文,为什么还会产生如此大的影响呢?本文试图采用姚斯的“读者期待视野”来解释这一现象。读者期待视野强调读者的中心地位,对翻译的启示是：译者在翻译过程中必须关照读者的期待视野,译文只有被读者理解并接受,才能实现其翻译目的。作者在主体部分结合林纾翻译的特殊社会文化背景从读者特定的“生活期待视野”和“文学期待视野”解释了林纾《黑奴吁天录》的特殊翻译手段,包括他的古文策略、增补、删节、漏译甚至改写等的运用,以期能更客观全面地说明其译作在当时的社会历史环境下被广泛接受的原因,从而指出其翻译方法的合理性与可行性。
[Abstract]:In the traditional translation theory, "author-centered" and "text-centered" occupy the dominant position, without considering the acceptance of readers, or even in the process of translation. What kind of translation strategy should the translator choose according to the reader's acceptance? Until the 1960s, the reception theory, based on phenomenology and hermeneutics, was born on the basis of human acceptance and practice, and a new research method was found: to examine the translated text from the perspective of readers' acceptance. Yao Si's Vision of readers'expectation provides a reasonable perspective for the interpretation of reader-oriented translation texts. Lin Shu is a famous translator. Forest Translation is a unique translation phenomenon in the history of Chinese translation, which has attracted much attention and criticism in translation circles, but it is generally regarded as "unfaithful" translation. Lin Shu's the annals of Heaven is such a translation. This translation does not reflect the literary value of the work, but has a special translation purpose. Lin Shu adopts a special translation strategy, in which the phenomenon of mistranslation and miswriting is everywhere, which is criticized and even criticized by literary translation critics as not true translation. However, the book was accepted and welcomed by Chinese readers as soon as it was published. Lin Shu's translation is not faithful to the original text, why would it have such a big impact? This paper attempts to explain this phenomenon by using Yao Si's "the Perspective of readers' expectation". The reader's horizon of expectation emphasizes the central position of the reader, and the enlightenment to translation is that the translator must take care of the reader's horizon of expectation in the process of translation, and only when the translation is understood and accepted by the reader can the translation aim be achieved. In the main part, according to the special social and cultural background of Lin Shu's translation, the author explains Lin Shu's special translation methods, including his ancient prose strategy and supplement, from the readers' specific "life expectation vision" and "literature expectation vision". The use of abridgement, omission and even rewriting can explain the reasons why his translation was widely accepted in the social and historical environment at that time, and point out the reasonableness and feasibility of his translation method.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：H315.9;I046

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