阐释学视角下《生死疲劳》英译本中的译者主体性研究

发布时间：2018-11-09 21:10

【摘要】：随着中国国际地位的提升,中国文学作品“走出去”的需求不断增加。翻译,作为跨文化交际的桥梁,是实现这一目标的主要途径。作为翻译活动主体,译者在翻译过程中的重要作用不言而喻。然而,译者的地位长期以来受到压制,被视作“奴仆”、“媒婆”或“隐形人”。直至翻译研究的“文化转向”以来,译者才逐渐从“隐形”走向“有形”,其主体性、创造性、能动性开始得到尊重。越来越多的翻译理论家也开始从不同的角度研究译者主体性问题。2012年,莫言获得诺贝尔文学奖,成为获此殊荣的首位中国人。葛浩文作为其“御用”译者,功不可没。他先后翻译了莫言近十部作品,均受到好评。莫言于2006年创作的《生死疲劳》在国内的销量与知名度都不及《红高梁家族》、《天堂蒜薹之歌》、《丰乳肥臀》等早期作品,但其英译本是莫言作品的英译本在西方文学界获奖最多的作品。本文结合阐释学的相关概念,以《生死疲劳》英译本为例,探究葛浩文在阐释四步骤中发挥译者主体性的具体表现,指出葛浩文译作的成功,很大程度上是由于他在译作中合理地发挥了译者主体性。论文除了引言和结语之外,由三个部分组成。引言部分介绍本文的研究背景、研究意义,描述主要的研究方法。第一章概述《生死疲劳》及其英译,就其现有研究进行梳理,并对葛浩文的译论进行综述。第二章主要探讨阐释学相关概念在译者主体性研究中的运用。阐释学是一门关于理解和解释的哲学,其与翻译的共通之处使其能够为翻译学研究提供坚实的理论基础。伽达默尔提出的“偏见”和“视域融合”两大概念有力地佐证了译者主体性。“偏见”或“前理解”是历史性的存在,优秀的译者总是不断调整并扩大自身视域以期与作者视域达到最佳融合,从而创造出最佳译本。斯坦纳吸收了现代阐释学的观点,并进一步提出阐释学四步骤,即信任、侵入、吸收和补偿。各步骤均为译者主体性的发挥提供了无限的空间。第三章从阐释学四步骤,即信任、侵入、吸收和补偿四个步骤,通过《生死疲劳》的语料分析,逐一考量译者主体性在这部小说英译本中的具体体现。结论部分就主要研究发现进行总结与反思,指出译者主体性的发挥是译作成功的关键,但也需控制在合理的限度之内。
[Abstract]:With the promotion of China's international status, the demand for Chinese literary works "going out" is increasing. Translation, as a bridge of cross-cultural communication, is the main way to achieve this goal. As the subject of translation, the translator plays an important role in the process of translation. However, the translator's position has long been suppressed and regarded as "slave", "matchmaker" or "invisible man". It is not until the cultural turn of translation studies that the translator gradually moves from "invisible" to "tangible", and his subjectivity, creativity and initiative begin to be respected. More and more translation theorists are beginning to study the subjectivity of translators from different angles. In 2012 Mo Yan won the Nobel Prize for Literature and became the first Chinese to win this award. As the translator of his "imperial use", Geh? Haowen made a great contribution. He has translated nearly ten works of Mo Yan, all of which are well received. "Life and death fatigue" created by Mo Yan in 2006 is not as well known in China as the Red Sorghorn Family, the Song of the garlic Bolt in Heaven, and other early works, such as "abundant breasts and fat buttocks" and so on. However, the English version of Mo Yan's works has won the most prizes in western literary circles. Based on the related concepts of hermeneutics and taking the English version of "Life and death fatigue" as an example, this paper explores the concrete expression of the translator's subjectivity in the four steps of his interpretation, and points out the success of his translation. To a large extent, it is due to his rational use of the translator's subjectivity in the translation. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the paper consists of three parts. The introduction introduces the research background, significance and main research methods. The first chapter gives an overview of Life and death fatigue and its translation into English. Chapter two mainly discusses the application of hermeneutics related concepts in the study of translator's subjectivity. Hermeneutics is a philosophy of understanding and interpretation, which can provide a solid theoretical basis for the study of translation. Gadamer's "prejudice" and "horizon fusion" strongly support the translator's subjectivity. "Prejudice" or "pre-understanding" is a historical existence, and excellent translators constantly adjust and expand their horizons in order to achieve the best integration with the author's horizon, thus creating the best translation. Steiner absorbs the view of modern hermeneutics and further proposes four steps of hermeneutics: trust, invasion, absorption and compensation. Each step provides unlimited space for the translator's subjectivity. The third chapter analyzes the translator's subjectivity in the English translation of the novel by analyzing the four steps of hermeneutics, namely trust, invasion, absorption and compensation, through the corpus analysis of Life and death fatigue. The conclusion part summarizes and reflects on the main findings, pointing out that the translator's subjectivity is the key to the success of the translation, but it also needs to be controlled within a reasonable limit.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：H315.9;I046

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