德里达的动物思想研究

发布时间：2019-01-23 15:23

【摘要】：本文以德里达的动物思想为研究对象,从思想的哲学背景出发,将德里达动物思想的核心概念作为研究焦点,剖析其中蕴含的解构策略,进而阐释德里达动物思想对文学理论发展的影响。文章指出,德里达的动物思想深刻地反思了传统的人类与动物之间的关系,强调了转变动物哲学思辨方式的必要性,重新定位了人类在生态共同体中的地位。首先,德里达的动物思想具有一定的哲学思想根基,他将既往哲学家们的动物思想归为两大传统:一是以柏拉图、亚里士多德、笛卡尔为代表的通过强调动物与人类的差别,突出人类的主体性,宣扬人类中心主义的思想倾向;二是以卢梭、边沁、尼采为代表的客观看待人与动物之间的联系,通过肯定人类内在的动物性,质疑人类中心主义的思想倾向。其次,德里达提出并诠释了“动物故我在”、“自传性的动物”、“界限逻辑”、“动物他者”四个关键性概念,反思有史以来人类追寻自我的目的和意义,认为西方传统哲学话语的本质是在“人类规矩”的遮蔽下对动物的征服。再次,德里达探讨动物问题时采用了解构的策略,以对动物命名、动物语言、动物权利三个基本命题的拆解,解构了人类中心主义、语音中心主义和逻各斯中心主义。德里达的动物思想是对人类自我认知的深刻反思,拓展了生态批评的理论空间,推动了文学研究伦理转向的思潮,为文本解读提供了全新的批评话语和理论视角。
[Abstract]:This article takes Derrida's animal thought as the research object, starting from the philosophical background of the thought, taking the core concept of Derrida's animal thought as the research focus, analyzes the deconstruction strategy contained therein. Then it explains the influence of Derrida's animal thought on the development of literary theory. This paper points out that Derrida's animal thought deeply reflects on the relationship between traditional human beings and animals, emphasizes the necessity of changing the speculative mode of animal philosophy, and reorientates the position of human beings in the ecological community. First of all, Derrida's animal thought has a certain philosophical foundation, he classifies the past philosophers' animal thought into two traditions: first, by emphasizing the difference between animals and human beings, represented by Plato, Aristotle, and Descartes. Highlight the subjectivity of human beings and propagate the ideological tendency of anthropocentrism; Second, Rousseau, Bentham, Nietzsche as the representative of the objective view of the relationship between human beings and animals, by affirming the inherent animality of human beings, questioning the ideological tendency of anthropocentrism. Secondly, Derrida puts forward and interprets the four key concepts of "animal so I am", "autobiographical animal", "boundary logic", "animal other", and reflects on the purpose and significance of human being's pursuit of self throughout history. The essence of western traditional philosophical discourse is the subjugation of animals under the cover of human rules. Thirdly, Derrida adopted the deconstruction strategy to disassemble the three basic propositions of animal naming, animal language and animal rights, and deconstructed anthropocentrism, phonological centrism and logos centralism. Derrida's animal thought is a profound reflection on human self-cognition, expands the theoretical space of ecological criticism, promotes the trend of thought in the ethical turn of literary research, and provides a new critical discourse and theoretical perspective for text interpretation.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I0

【参考文献】