J.M库切小说的《圣经》原型研究

发布时间：2018-01-16 13:39

本文关键词：J.M库切小说的《圣经》原型研究　出处：《扬州大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：J.M.库切是南非历史上第二位获诺贝尔文学奖的作家,也是当代南非最重要的作家之一。他的作品结构精致、对话隽永、思辨深邃,兼具后殖民性与后现代性。他“没有两部作品采用了相同的创作手法”,但有一条明确的线索贯穿其中,那就是“他以众多作品呈示了一个反复建构的模式：盘旋下降的命运是其人物拯救灵魂的必要途径。他的主人公在遭受打击、沉沦落魄乃至被剥夺了外在尊严之后,总是能够奇迹般地获得重新站起来的力量。”本文以这句2003年的诺贝尔文学奖授奖辞为发散点,结合库切的小说与《圣经》文本,以弗莱的原型批评理论为依托,研究库切小说中的《圣经》原型,挖掘库切小说与《圣经》文本之间的联系,探索其运用《圣经》原型写作的原因及意义所在。论文主体分为五个部分：第一章：神话——原型批评。这一章对本文的理论依据,即原型批评理论进行界定。这一章主要分为两个部分,第一部分对原型批评理论的两个核心概念“神话”与“原型”进行界定,第二部分以《批评的剖析》为基础介绍弗莱的原型理论,并简要说明原型理论与文学、《圣经》的关系。第二章：库切小说中的《圣经》人物原型。本章从替罪者的形象,受难者的形象,迁徙者的形象三个方面对库切小说中的《圣经》人物原型进行分析,把这三个原型形象分别与库切小说中的人物形象进行对比,借此发现其中的联系。第三章：库切小说中的《圣经》结构原型。本章分为三个部分,第一部分简要介绍文学的“U形结构”,第二部分从宏观微观两个层面介绍《圣经》中的“U形结构”,第三部分以库切的小说《耻》为蓝本,以“乐园——犯罪——惩罚——忏悔——得救”为线索,分析库切小说与《圣经》相似的结构。第四章：库切小说中《圣经》原型的置换变形。本章以弗莱在《伟大的代码：圣经与文学》一书中提及的,认为可以涵盖整部《圣经》的五个意象：乐园意象、牧放意象、农业意象、城市意象以及人类生活相关意象为落脚点,分析库切小说中对《圣经》原型的置换变形,并归纳出这些被置换变形的原型都具有后殖民的特点。第五章：库切小说中《圣经》原型存在的原因与意义。这一章主要分两个部分,是论述库切小说中《圣经》原型存在的原因,一是论述库切运用《圣经》原型的意义。库切小说运用《圣经》原型,并对其进行置换变形,是与他从小接触的变质的宗教环境,青年时代置身的文化环境,以及作为一名流散作家特殊的文化身边不可分割的。这些现实原因影响了他今后的创作,使他在小说中试图以犹太教弥赛亚救赎的逻辑来为西方现代人浅薄的道德感寻求出路,并塑造了一系列“南非神话”,在一定程度上消解了宗主国与殖民地国家的二元对立。结语部分归纳了文章论述的主要内容及其要点,总结了本文的核心论点：库切对《圣经》原型的运用及置换变形,不仅使其作品具备了宗教意蕴,达到了他的写作意图,也使《圣经》原型与当代语境融合,散发出时代的光辉。
[Abstract]:J.M. Coetzee is the history of South Africa second received the Nobel prize for literature, is one of the most important contemporary writers in South Africa. His works of exquisite structure, meaningful dialogue, deep thought, both post colonial and post modern. "He didn't have the two works by the creative method" the same, but there is a clear the thread running through, that is "to his numerous works presented a recurring pattern, the downward spiral of fate is necessary for the salvation of his characters. His hero in the hit, after the sinking and even deprived of external and dignity, always can miraculously get strength to stand" in this sentence. The speeches of the 2003 Nobel prize in literature for the divergence point, combining Coetzee's fiction and biblical texts, with Frye's archetypal theory based on the research in Coetzee's novels Bible original type, dig Between the Bible and dig in Coetzee's novel text links to explore the reasons and significance of using the < Bible > prototype writing. The paper is divided into five main parts:
The first chapter: myth archetype criticism. This chapter is the theoretical basis, namely the theory of archetypal criticism are defined. This chapter is divided into two parts, the first part defines two core concepts "to the theory of archetype criticism myth" and "prototype", analyzes the criticism of the second part to < > as the prototype of Frye's theory, and a brief description of the prototype theory and literature, the relationship between < Bible >.
The second chapter: the Biblical Archetypes in Coetzee's novels. This chapter for the crime of the image, the image of the victims, to analyze the Biblical Archetypes in Coetzee's novels from three aspects of migration image, the three archetypal images in Coetzee's novels respectively with the characters in contrast take this, find the connections.
The third chapter: the biblical prototype in Coetzee's novels. This chapter is divided into three parts, the first part briefly introduces the literature of the "U structure", the second part from the macro and micro two aspects of introduction of the Bible "U structure", the third part in Coetzee's novel "shame on" "paradise, criminal punishment confession salvation" as the clue, and analysis of Coetzee's novels in Bible similar structure.
The fourth chapter: the replacement of the Bible in his novel < > prototype deformation. In this chapter, Frye in < Great Code: the Bible and literature "mentioned in the book, that can cover five images of the whole Bible: Paradise: imagery, imagery, agricultural image, city image and human life related images as the result, analysis of replacement of Biblical prototype deformation in Coetzee's novels, and summed up these prototypes are replaced by post colonial characteristics.
The fifth chapter: the reason and significance of the Bible in his novel < > prototype. This chapter is divided into two parts, is the reason for the existence of the Bible prototype described in his novel < >, one is discussed using the Bible prototype Coetzee's significance. Using the Biblical archetype of Coetzee's novels, and carries on the displacement that is from contact with him of the deterioration of the religious environment, youth in the cultural environment, as well as a diasporic writer of special cultural side inseparable. These practical reasons affect his future creation, made in his novels to Jewish Messiah redemption logic to the modern western shallow the moral sense to seek a way out, and created a series of "South African Myth", to some extent two yuan between suzerain and colonial countries.
The conclusion part summarizes the main contents of the article and its main points, summed up the core argument of this paper: the use of Coetzee's biblical prototype and displacement and deformation, makes it not only works with religious implication, reached his intention of writing, the Biblical archetype and contemporary context fusion, emitting a glorious era.

【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I478.074

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