从新历史主义看《去吧，摩西》

发布时间：2018-03-03 17:25

本文选题：新历史主义　切入点：《去吧　出处：《河北师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：威廉·福克纳是美国著名的作家，一生创作了《八月之光》、《喧嚣与骚动》、《献给艾米丽的玫瑰》等多部作品。《去吧，摩西》是福克纳重要作品之一，这部作品向我们讲述了多个家庭的故事。其中突出了作者对父权制、种族和妇女问题的关注。《去吧，摩西》引起了国内外众多学者的关注。然而传统的研究过于侧重于文本内部的诸多要素，而忽视了文本之外的内容和文本本身的复杂性。社会历史因素制约着文学文本的生成，文学文本同样参与社会文化的建构。文学文本与非文学文本即社会文本之间不再是相互对立的，而是一种相互建构、互为补充的关系。鉴于此，本论文通过考察历史与文学之间的关系，尝试从新历史主义的角度出发，分析作品中展示的社会生活、种族问题、妇女问题等。本文主要分为以下五个部分：引言部分通过考察福克纳作品，尤其是福克纳作品的国内外研究现状，总结前人的研究成果和知识空白，论述了从新历史主义视角下研究福克纳小说《去吧，摩西》的必要性和可行性，并介绍了相关研究方法、理论基础、预期目标和总体框架。这部分详细论述了新历史主义文论，包括其基本概念，独特点以及该论文中所用的批评策略。第一章将福克纳的现实生活和其作品中展示的生活场景相比较，分析其生活背景对其创作的影响。首先介绍了福克纳时期南方的经济生活和南方人的精神面貌，接着分析作品中所描述的约克纳帕塔法县的生活，种植园生活和狩猎生活，以及文中所体现的南方道德价值观，阐述历史对文本的影响。第二章重点关注种族问题。本章结合福克纳时期美国南方黑人的生活现实分析《去吧，摩西》中涉及的种族问题，进而分析作者的种族观。福克纳既同情黑人的遭遇，批判种族主义，又对好黑鬼和坏黑鬼区别对待，体现了其种族观的局限性。福克纳那一方面真实的描写了当时种族主义现状，一方面又用自己那带有局限性的文本，影响着当时和后世的读者。这正是“文本的历史性”和“历史的文本性”相互作用的表现。第三章分析《去吧，摩西》的妇女问题。福克纳时期的美国南方社会，对女性是有偏见的。人们歧视女性，认为男人是一家之主，女人则只是男人的财产和生育的工具。作品主要包含三类妇女：父权制的和种族主义的牺牲品、观察者和违抗者，正是当时妇女形象的典型代表。通过分析这三类妇女形象，我们了解了福克纳时期妇女的真实生活现状。这正是“文本的历史性”的体现。论文的最后是结论部分。通过研究可以得知福克纳的生活背景和他的观念，以及当时社会背景对其作品有着很深的影响，而与此同时，在其作品中又更深刻的反应出当时的社会现状和福克纳的生活背景，以及他的种族和妇女观念。因此通过运用新历史主义理论研究本文，我们一方面更加深刻的理解了小说的内容，一方面更加生动的了解了南北战争后美国南方人民的生活。
[Abstract]:William Faulkner is a famous American writer, wrote "light in August > >, < < the sound and the fury, a rose for Emily and many other works. < > > go, Mose is one of the important works of Faulkner, the novel tells the story of a family story to us. Which highlights the authors of patriarchy that race and women's concerns. Go ahead, Mose > attracted the attention of many scholars at home and abroad. However, the traditional study was too focused on many elements inside the text, while ignoring the complexity of content and text outside the text itself. Social and historical factors that restrict the generation of literary texts and literary texts also participate in social construction culture. Between non literary texts and literary society that the text is no longer in opposition to each other, but a mutual relationship construction, complementary. In view of this, this paper through the study between history and Literature From the perspective of new historicism, this paper tries to analyze the social life, racial issues and women's problems in the works. The paper is divided into five parts.
The introduction part through the study of the works of Faulkner, especially Faulkner's research works at home and abroad, summarizes the previous research achievements and knowledge gaps are discussed from the perspective of new historicism of Faulkner novel "go, the necessity and feasibility of Mose >, and introduces the related research methods, theoretical basis, objectives and overall the framework. This part discusses the new historicism literary theory, including its basic concept, unique features and is used in this paper is the critical strategy.
The first chapter will show the real life of Faulkner and his works in the scenes of life in comparison, analyzing the influence of background of its creation. First introduced the Faulkner period in the South South economic life and the human spirit, then the analysis described in the works of Yorke Na Pa County, stressing life, plantation life and hunting life. In this paper, the South and the moral values, to expound the effect of history on the text.
The second chapter focuses on racial issues. This chapter combines the Faulkner period of Afro American life in the South "reality analysis go, racial issues involved Mose", and then the author analyses the concept of race. Faulkner sympathizes with the blacks suffered criticism, racism, and of good and bad nigger nigger distinction, reflects its limitations the concept of race. Faulkner that a true description of the racist situation, with his hand, with the limitations of the text, influence at that time and future generations of readers. This is the "historicity of text" and "historical text" interaction performance.
The third chapter is the analysis of "go, women's issues. Mose > Faulkner during the American Southern society, there is prejudice against women. People discriminate against women, that man is the master of the house, a woman is a man's property and fertility. The book mainly includes three kinds of women: patriarchy and racism the victim, the observer and the defiant, is a typical representative of the image of women. Through the analysis of these three kinds of images of women, we understand the real life status of women in Faulkner's time. This is the embodiment of" historicity of text ".
The last part is the conclusion. Through the research that Faulkner's life experience and his ideas, as well as the social background at that time has a deep influence on his works, and at the same time, his works profoundly reflect the social situation at that time and Faulkner's life background, as well as his race and women's ideas. Therefore, through the use of New Historicism theory research in this paper, we a more profound understanding of the content of the novel, a more vivid understanding of the life of the American people in the South after the civil war.

【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074

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