超越自卑—对《人性的枷锁》菲利普成长的解读

发布时间：2018-03-26 03:17

本文选题：枷锁　切入点：成长小说　出处：《广西大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：威廉·萨默塞特·毛姆(1874-1965)是二十世纪英国著名的现实主义作家,一生创作作品众多,包括长篇小说、短篇小说、戏剧、游记随笔和文学评论。毛姆被认为是讲故事大师,也是二十世纪用英语写作最为流行的作家之一。他的小说多以追求自由,挣脱束缚人的各种枷锁为主题,以“人性问题”作为其小说探讨的主要问题。《人性的枷锁》作为一部具有自传性质的成长小说,小说的很多情节是毛姆的亲身经历。小说主人公菲利普是青年毛姆的化身。它是毛姆最重要的作品。自出版之日一直受到全世界读者的喜爱。作为一部经典的英国成长小说。小说描写了菲利普的精神成长和对自由的追寻。本文通过著名心理学家阿德勒的个性心理学理论对菲利普进行分析,发现“自卑情结”和“补偿机制”在他的身上都有明显的表现。阿德勒创立了“自卑情结”这个名词。他认为人都有自卑感,为了解除自卑感,人会努力克服缺陷,阿德勒把这种努力叫做补偿。阿德勒强调自卑感与生理缺陷的联系。菲利普的残疾是“自卑情结”的起源。“自卑情结”对他性格的形成和发展产生了深刻影响。菲利普最后战胜了人性的弱点和自卑,过上了平静幸福的生活。在他对自卑的不断超越过程中,人的自我价值得到实现。无论一开始人处于如何冷漠与自卑的状态,总是有着自我完善的可能的,人最终能摆脱原有的不利状态,走向成熟和融入社会。要把自卑情结努力变为积极的补偿,达到对自卑的超越和人的进步发展,这对于现代人也是很有意义的。
[Abstract]:William Somerset Maugham (1874-1965) is a famous English realist writer of the twentieth century. He wrote a great deal of works throughout his life, including novels, short stories, plays, travel essays and literary reviews. Maugham was regarded as a master storyteller. He is also one of the most popular writers in English writing in the 20th century. His novels focus on the pursuit of freedom and breaking free from the shackles that bind people. "the question of humanity" is the main problem in his novels. "the shackles of Human Nature" as an autobiographical growth novel, Much of the plot is Maugham's personal experience. Philip, the protagonist of the novel, is the embodiment of young Maugham. It is Maugham's most important work. It has been loved by readers all over the world since its publication. The novel depicts Philip's spiritual growth and the pursuit of freedom. This paper analyzes Philip through Adler's theory of personality psychology. It was found that both "inferiority complex" and "compensation mechanism" were evident in him. Adler coined the term "inferiority complex". He believed that all people had a sense of inferiority complex, and that in order to remove the inferiority complex, people would try to overcome their defects. Adler calls this effort compensation. Adler emphasizes the link between inferiority and physical handicaps. Philip's disability is the origin of "inferiority complex". "inferiority complex" has a profound influence on the formation and development of his personality. He has lived a peaceful and happy life. In the process of his constant surpassing of inferiority complex, man's self-worth has been realized. No matter how indifferent and inferiority complex he is at first, there is always the possibility of self-perfection. Finally, people can get rid of the original unfavorable state and become mature and integrate into the society. It is also meaningful for modern people to make efforts to turn inferiority complex into positive compensation and to achieve the transcendence of inferiority complex and the progressive development of human beings.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I561.074

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