制造“现实”——西方近现代文学的科学系谱

发布时间：2018-04-09 15:31

本文选题：自我　切入点：自然科学　出处：《外国文学评论》2013年01期

【摘要】：笛卡尔的"我思"哲学为西方近代自然科学奠定了基础。对"自我"确定性的探索开启了一个叙述活动在其中得以展开的"内在世界"。实际上,叙述自我的"自白"传统可追溯至中世纪的奥古斯丁那里。与此同时,对"外在世界"及其规律的研究不仅成为自然科学的根本任务,文学也开始致力于"描摹(社会或心灵的)现实"。进入20世纪以来,量子物理学对物质微观状态之不确定性的描述彻底颠覆了传统的现实观,这使得文学创作乃至文学理论转向强调建立在文学语言及文本意义不确定性之上的"文学性"。对语言符号及其标示的不同"事态"的关注不仅使信息论、控制论、系统论这些冷战时期的自然科学理论成为可能,而且也是结构主义、解构主义思潮的灵感来源,这一切向我们展示了与语言符号所对应的"现实"的"虚构"性质。
[Abstract]:Descartes'"I thought" philosophy laid a foundation for modern western natural science.The exploration of self-certainty opens an inner world in which narrative activities are carried out.In fact, the tradition of narrating self-confessions dates back to medieval Augustine.At the same time, the study of the external world and its laws has not only become the fundamental task of natural science, but also devoted itself to "depicting (social or spiritual) reality".Since the beginning of the 20th century, the description of the uncertainty of the microscopic state of matter in quantum physics has completely overturned the traditional view of reality.This makes literary creation and even literary theory turn to emphasize "literariness" which is based on the uncertainty of literary language and text meaning.The attention to the different "state of affairs" of linguistic symbols and their symbols not only makes possible the natural science theories of the Cold War period, such as information theory, cybernetics and system theory, but also serves as a source of inspiration for structuralism and deconstruction.All this shows us the fictional nature of the reality corresponding to the linguistic symbols.
【作者单位】：北京第二外国语学院跨文化研究院;
【分类号】：I109.4

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