以东方主义视角看《大地》

发布时间：2018-04-15 03:36

本文选题：赛珍珠 + 美国东方主义　；参考：《河北师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为西方作家，赛珍珠是第一个因为描写中国的作品而获得诺贝尔文学奖的人。作为一个美籍华人，她在中国和美国都居住过。她熟悉中国，所以她的作品为西方人打开了了解中国的大门。但是由于她的特殊身份和经历，她既想迎合美国的东方主义，又想解除美国人对中国的固有偏见。该文章旨在通过赛珍珠作品《大地》重新思考美国东方主义和反东方主义，并以此把赛珍珠作为一个复杂的矛盾体进行研究。文章第一章首先关注中国移民的发展史，并剖析造成美籍华人普遍矛盾心理的因素，第一章还介绍了赛珍珠的创作背景以及她身处两种文化里的尴尬境地。她出生在美国，但是长时间居住在中国，她的她特殊经历使得她产生矛盾的心理，使得她成为复杂的矛盾体。她伟大的文学成就之后隐藏的是巨大的文化僵局。第二章从《东方学》的”他者”的概念分析小说里出现的东方主义元素。这里的”他者”指代美国眼中的中国，，中国人和中国文化。为了迎合西方人对中国的偏见，赛珍珠创造了黑暗可怕中国和中国人的他者形象，和愚蠢迷信的中国文化。她这样写给美国人造成一种错觉，使得他们认为中国实际上就是贫穷，混乱，不文明的。最终，她帮助实现了东方主义的意图：误导西方读者。第三章通过分析《大地》中坚强的中国人颠覆了东方主义对中国男人和女人的固有偏见。赛珍珠一生非常艰难，她既不被美国人接受，又被国人排斥。所以她迫切希望美国和中国，美国和中国文化，东方主义和反东方主义可以和谐共处，并且互相弥补。所以最终赛珍珠还是一个反东方主义者。她打破衰弱的西方人眼中的中国人固有形象，塑造了坚强勇敢的中国男人和女人形象。土地，作为中国小农阶级的希望，表达人们对永恒存在的依恋，这点和西方基督教一脉相通。所以赛珍珠对土地描述旨在贯通中西两方文化情感。因此文章的结尾部分是升华：无论拥有什么样的文化背景，每个国家都应该互相尊重，世界上的各种文化都应实现和谐共存。
[Abstract]:As a Western writer, Pearl Buck was the first to win the Nobel Prize for Literature for his work about China.As an American Chinese, she has lived in both China and the United States.She is familiar with China, so her works open the door for westerners to understand China.But because of her special status and experience, she wanted to cater to American Orientalism and to lift American bias against China.The purpose of this paper is to rethink American Orientalism and anti-orientalism through Pearl Buck's works, and to study Pearl Buck as a complex contradiction.The first chapter focuses on the history of Chinese immigrants and analyzes the factors that cause the general ambivalence of Chinese Americans. The first chapter also introduces the background of Pearl Buck's creation and her awkward situation in the two cultures.She was born in the United States, but lived in China for a long time. Her special experience made her ambivalent and complicated.Behind her great literary achievements lies a great cultural deadlock.The second chapter analyzes the Orientalism elements in the novel from the concept of "the other" in Orientalism.The "other" here refers to China, Chinese and Chinese culture in the eyes of the United States.To cater to Westerners' prejudice against China, Pearl Buck created a dark, horrible China and the other image of the Chinese, and a Chinese culture of stupidity and superstition.She wrote Americans the illusion that China was, in fact, poor, chaotic, and uncivilized.In the end, she helped to achieve the Orientalism's intention: to mislead Western readers.Chapter three analyses the strong Chinese in the Earth and subverts the inherent prejudice of Orientalism to Chinese men and women.Pearl Buck's life was very difficult, she was neither accepted by the Americans, but also rejected by the people.So she desperately wants America and China, American and Chinese culture, Orientalism and anti-Orientalism to coexist and make up for each other.So Pearl Buck ended up as an anti-Orientalist.She broke the image of the Chinese in the eyes of the weak Westerners, and shaped the image of the strong and brave Chinese men and women.Land, as the hope of Chinese smallholder class, expresses people's attachment to eternal existence, which is similar to Western Christianity.So Pearl Buck's description of the land aims to connect the cultural feelings between China and the West.Therefore, the final part of the article is sublimation: no matter what cultural background, each country should respect each other, and all cultures in the world should achieve harmonious coexistence.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074

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