背叛、价值观不确定性、救赎：解读《追风筝的人》中的道德困境及其象征意义

发布时间：2018-05-26 19:53

本文选题：背叛 + 价值观不确定性　；参考：《南昌大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：《追风筝的人》一小说讲述了一个孩子因为他儿时背叛伙伴的行为背负着愧疚和自责,并一直寻找救赎出路的关于人性的故事。作者卡勒德.胡赛尼是一名阿富汗裔美国的外科医生,这是他的处女作,出版后受到广泛的关注并高居排行榜不下。本文以小说中所反映的道德困境为切入点,围绕背叛、价值观的不稳定性和救赎之路三大主题进行阐释,将象征视角移向更高一层的国家和民族范围,总结了小说人物的命运和国家命运的象征关系,即孩子的命运象征着整个国家的命运,受国体大环境的影响。孩子在不同空间地域生活的跳转起伏反映了国家大背景的动荡；孩子个人身份认同的偏离和寻找正是整个阿富汗民族和国家的自我身份认同和归属缺失的缩写；孩子个人的救赎也象征着阿富汗被不同政权组织的救赎。综上所述,孩子所面临的道德困境也象征着整个国家面临的道德困境。本论文共分为五个章节：第一章简要介绍了所研究小说作者卡勒德.胡赛尼的生平和作品,回顾《追风筝的人》的国内外研究现状和研究空白,以及该论文涉及到的研究方法和研究意义。第二章分析了背叛的定义,归纳总结了小说中出现的背叛的种类,包括兄弟之间、主仆之间、夫妻之间以及对宗教信仰的背叛。第三章主要研究背叛发生的可能原因,包括社会和国家变革带来的价值冲突,孩子和整个国家的自我认同的混乱,以及道德的不确定性。这些由环境引起的道德困境使得孩子在物质上和精神上都成为了受害者。第四章集中探讨了小说中救赎之路的构建,分为小说人物的救赎和国家的救赎两个部分。最后阿米尔将索拉博成功的移民至美国,完成自我救赎,可是这种救赎会不会意味着下一次的背叛,好比塔利班对阿富汗的救赎仅仅维持了一段时间,最后却给人民带来了更大的伤害。基于以上的分析,本文总结了孩子的命运和国家命运之间的象征关系,结合历史和经济背景,得出孩子所面临的道德困境也象征着整个国家面临的道德困境的结论。第五章为结论部分,该部分梳理和重申了该文的结论,即孩子所面临的道德困境象征着整个国家面临的道德困境。同时指出了该研究的现实意义和进一步研究的可能,给读者带来的启发和现实意义。
[Abstract]:A novel tells the story of a child who feels guilty and remorse for his childhood betrayal of his partner and has been searching for a way out of human nature. Kallard. Husseini is an Afghan-American surgeon whose debut book has received wide attention since its publication and topped the list. Based on the moral dilemma reflected in the novel, this paper focuses on the three themes of betrayal, the instability of values and the road to redemption, and moves the symbolic perspective to a higher level of country and nation. This paper summarizes the symbolic relationship between the fate of the characters and the destiny of the country, that is, the fate of the children symbolizes the fate of the whole country and is influenced by the national environment. The fluctuation of children's life in different space areas reflects the turbulence of the national background, the deviation and search of children's personal identity is the abbreviation of the whole Afghan nation and nation's self-identity and lack of attribution. The child's personal salvation also symbolizes the redemption of Afghanistan by different regimes. To sum up, the moral dilemma that children face also symbolizes the moral dilemma faced by the whole country. This thesis is divided into five chapters: In the first chapter, the author of the novel, Khaled, is briefly introduced. The life and works of Houseni, review the domestic and international research situation and research blank of Kite pursuers, and the research methods and significance of this paper. The second chapter analyzes the definition of betrayal, summarizes the types of betrayal in the novel, including brothers, masters and servants, husband and wife, and betrayal of religious beliefs. The third chapter mainly studies the possible causes of betrayal, including the conflict of values brought by social and national changes, the confusion of self-identity between children and the whole country, and the moral uncertainty. These environmental moral dilemmas make children victims both materially and spiritually. Chapter four focuses on the construction of the road of salvation in the novel, which is divided into two parts: the salvation of the characters and the redemption of the country. Amir eventually brought Solabo's successful immigrants to the United States to redeem himself, but will that redemption mean the next betrayal, like the Taliban's redemption of Afghanistan for only a while? In the end, it brought more harm to the people. Based on the above analysis, this paper summarizes the symbolic relationship between the fate of children and the fate of the country, combining with the historical and economic background, draws the conclusion that the moral dilemma children face also symbolizes the moral dilemma faced by the whole country. The fifth chapter is the conclusion part, which combs and restates the conclusion that the moral dilemma of children symbolizes the moral dilemma faced by the whole country. At the same time, it points out the practical significance of the study and the possibility of further research, as well as the enlightening and practical significance to the readers.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074

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