论《盛开的樱花林下》中的堕落思想

发布时间：2018-06-12 13:14

本文选题：堕落 + 肉体　；参考：《吉林大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：坂口安吾的文学创作涉及多个领域，在纯文学、历史小说、推理小说、随笔等方面均有建树。二战结束后，整个日本陷入了混乱状态。在这种情况下，坂口安吾喊出了“生存下去，堕落下去”的口号，为混乱中的人们指明了方向。 1947年，坂口安吾发表了短篇小说《盛开的樱花林下》。作品中体现的孤独、不安、人性回归等方面，与《堕落论》中阐述的堕落思想有很多共同点。但从作品的先行研究来看，从堕落思想的角度分析这篇作品的研究并不多。本文在分析人物形象的基础上分析了作品中体现出的堕落思想以及作品的意义。本论由三部分组成。第一章首先从时代背景和关键词两方面归纳了《盛开的樱花林下》和《堕落论》的共同点。从两部作品中都可以看到空袭的影子，以及战后的混沌状态。从两部作品的评论中也可以发现“孤独”、“人性”等相同的关键词，说明《盛开的樱花林下》继承了《堕落论》中的“堕落”主张。坂口安吾提出的“堕落”可以从打破既定秩序与人性回归两个方面来理解。第二章重点分析了男主人公的人物形象，阐述其“堕落”的过程。随着空间的转移，男人的堕落分为三个阶段，，分别是从山林前往京城的堕落，在京城里的堕落以及从京城回到山林的堕落。身处山林的男人，是远离俗世的道德、伦理、价值观以及传统的近于物理性肉体的存在，也就是“堕落”的理想状态。进入京城的男人逐渐感受到了京城生活无形的压力，开始反省一直以来无意识的机械的生活，终于决定回到山林，过属于自己的生活。在回到山林的途中，男人舍弃了所有背负的东西，包括自己的肉体，完成了彻底的堕落。第三章阐述了男人身上体现出的堕落思想以及这部作品的意义。男人身上体现出的堕落思想与第一章中提到的堕落的定义相照应，其堕落分为肉体的堕落和精神的堕落两部分。肉体的堕落是指去除精神的虚伪枷锁，回到肉体式状态。而要做到精神的堕落首先要确定自我。在肯定自我的基础上，从“肉体”进化成“人”。精神堕落的终点是回到“故乡”。在故事最后，男人抛去了所有的束缚，进入绝对孤独的状态，融于自然，这意味着男人实现了彻底的堕落。关于作品的意义，本文从创作思想和社会意义两个方面进行探讨。这部作品创作于战后这个特殊时期，在一片混乱的社会状态下，坂口安吾希望人们能彻底打破当时伦理道德的束缚，抛开约束人性的东西，重新认识自己，找到人性回归之路的美好愿望。
[Abstract]:Sakaguchi's literary creation involves many fields, such as pure literature, historical novels, reasoning novels, essays and so on. After World War II, the whole of Japan fell into a state of chaos. In this context, Sakakuchi Anwu shouted the slogan "survive, fall down", pointing the way for people in chaos. In 1947, Sakakuchi published a short novel, under the Cherry Blossom in full bloom. The loneliness, uneasiness and the return of human nature embodied in the works have a lot in common with the depravity thought described in the depravity Theory. However, there are few studies on this work from the point of view of depravity. Based on the analysis of the characters, this paper analyzes the depravity and the significance of the works. This theory consists of three parts. In the first chapter, we summarize the common ground between the blooming cherry blossom forest and the degenerate theory from the background of the times and the key words. The shadow of air strikes and the chaos after the war can be seen in both works. The same keywords as "loneliness" and "human nature" can also be found in the comments of the two works, indicating that "under the forest of cherry blossoms in full bloom" inherits the "depravity" proposition in "the theory of depravity". Sakaguchi's "depravity" can be understood from two aspects: breaking the established order and returning human nature. The second chapter analyzes the characters of the hero and expounds the process of his depravity. With the transfer of space, the depravity of men is divided into three stages, namely, the depravity from the mountain forest to the capital city, the depravity in the capital city and the depravity from the capital city to the mountain forest. The man in the mountain forest is the ideal state of "depravity", which is far from worldly morality, ethics, values and traditional physical body. The men who entered the capital gradually felt the invisible pressure of the capital life, began to reflect on the mechanical life that had been unconscious for a long time, and finally decided to return to the mountains and live their own lives. On his way back to the forest, the man gave up all the things he carried, including his own flesh, and accomplished the complete depravity. The third chapter expounds the depravity of the man and the significance of this work. The depravity reflected in men corresponds to the definition of depravity mentioned in the first chapter, which is divided into two parts: the degeneracy of the body and the depravity of the spirit. Physical depravity is the removal of the mental hypocrisy shackles, back to the physical state. And in order to achieve spiritual depravity, first of all, to determine the self. On the basis of self-affirmation, evolved from "body" to "human". The end of spiritual depravity is to return to hometown. At the end of the story, the man throws away all the bondage, enters the absolute solitude, melts in the nature, this means the man has realized the complete depravity. About the meaning of the work, this article from the creation thought and the social significance two aspects carries on the discussion. This work was created in this special period after the war, in a chaotic social state, Sakakuchi hopes that people can completely break the shackles of ethics at that time, put aside the constraints of human nature, and re-understand themselves. A good wish to find the way back to humanity.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：I313.074

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