《白牙》中英国有色移民身份构建之路

发布时间：2018-06-24 12:45

本文选题：扎迪·史密斯 + 《白牙》　；参考：《华中师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：《白牙》是当代英国文坛新秀扎迪·史密斯的处女作。小说以幽默诙谐的笔法,将不同种族的信仰和文化交叉和交锋,几代人之间心理与沟通的断裂和错层,以及长达百年的时代差异与历史荒诞,宏大凝重而又举重若轻地浓缩于种族混杂、文化多元的二战后英国的几个街区之间,刻画出一幅复杂辽阔的后殖民图景,一幅世纪末的“英国写真”。以族裔为主题的小说并不少见,而《白牙》这部小说并没有沉重地叙述有色移民在白人强势文化下的悲惨遭遇,而是用近乎荒诞而又似乎很现实的创作手法向读者展示这一少数族群的生存状态。小说创作于世纪交替之际,多元文化、多民族混居似乎已经成为全球化现象,新的时代背景下传统观念逐一被挑战,有色移民似乎无法很简单定义自己的身份,单一身份这一概念受到挑战,这一新的创作理念使得作品具有深刻的现实指导意义。本文正是抓住小说创作的现实意义,将研究侧重点放在有色移民在处理自己的传统文化和周围强势白人文化情况下,如何探寻自己的身份,在多民族多元化的英国社会找到自己的位置。论文通过文本细读方式,论证二战后有色移民逐渐认识自己,接受全部自己的身份构建之路。论文第一章为引入部分,简短介绍作者和作品主要内容,梳理国内外文学评论,并指出本篇论文的研究主题和研究内容。第二章首先指出第一代移民在理想和现实之中无法定位自己身份,然后指出造成这一状态的根本原因在于在白人强势文化侵蚀下,他们无法正确处理自己民族文化和周围白人文化。第三章侧重于第二代移民,他们有着与父辈不同的经历,但是因为他们不同于周围白人同龄人的外表使得他们在定义自己身份时有了困惑,加上本民族文化第一手材料的缺乏,使得他们开始了一段很痛苦的寻找自我的历程。在这过程中,由于对了两种文化的认识,他们对身份的探索有了分化,一类移民追求完全西化的文化,而另一类移民沉溺于本民族传统文化,这两种行为都是通过追求文化纯一性来寻找单一身份。这种单一身份的追求在杂糅文化的社会背景下注定是不能成功的。第四章是论述有色移民杂糅身份的建构,在一段寻找自我的失败历程之后,加上多元文化的愈演愈烈,年轻的一代移民开始接受自己,不仅接受自己的本民族文化,同时也正确对待白人文化,他们开始接受自己杂糅的身份。他们期待未来的英国社会将成为一个“根基不重要”的社会,有色人群对杂糅身份的接受在一定程度上肯定了西方文化,这对白人群体也带来影响,最终导致英国性被重新构建,没有纯正英国人。最后,通过回顾上文有色移民杂糅身份的构建以及对单一身份概念的质疑,升华论文的研究意义,小说审视过去和乐观地展望未来,新时期民族问题身份问题有了可能的解决途径。
[Abstract]:White teeth is the debut of contemporary British literary rookie Zadi Smith. With humorous writing, the novel intersects and intersects the beliefs and cultures of different races, breaks and mislayers of psychology and communication between generations, as well as the century-long differences of the times and historical absurdity. Grandiose and weighty, concentrated in the ethnically diverse and culturally diverse blocks of post-World War II Britain, a complex post-colonial picture, a portrait of Britain at the end of the century. Ethnicity-themed novels are not uncommon, and White teeth does not give a heavy account of the tragic experience of colored immigrants in a dominant white culture. Instead, it shows the existence of this minority group to the reader with an almost absurd and seemingly realistic way of writing. The novel was written at the turn of the century. It seems that multiculturalism and multiculturalism have become a phenomenon of globalization. Under the background of the new era, traditional concepts have been challenged one by one, and it seems that colored immigrants cannot easily define their identity. The concept of single identity is challenged, which makes the work have profound practical significance. This paper is to grasp the practical significance of novel creation, and focus on how to explore their identity while dealing with their traditional culture and the surrounding strong white culture. Find their place in a multi-ethnic British society. In this paper, the author demonstrates that after World War II, colored immigrants gradually recognize themselves and accept the road of building their identity. The first chapter is the introduction part, briefly introduces the author and the main content of the works, combs the domestic and foreign literature review, and points out the research theme and research content of this thesis. The second chapter first points out that the first generation of immigrants are unable to identify themselves in the ideal and reality, and then points out that the root cause of this situation lies in the erosion of a strong white culture. They were unable to properly handle their own national culture and the surrounding white culture. The third chapter focuses on the second generation of immigrants, who have different experiences than their parents, but because their appearance differs from the white peers around them, they are confused in defining their identity and lack of first-hand material about their own culture. They began a painful journey to find themselves. In the process, as a result of the understanding of the two cultures, their search for identity was divided. One group of immigrants sought a completely westernized culture, while the other kind of immigrants indulged in the traditional culture of their own nation. Both acts seek a single identity through the pursuit of cultural purity. The pursuit of this single identity is doomed to be unsuccessful in the social background of mixed culture. The fourth chapter discusses the construction of the mixed identity of non-ferrous immigrants. After a period of failure to find themselves, and the growing multiculturalism, the younger generation of immigrants began to accept themselves, not only their own national culture. At the same time, they also treat white culture correctly, they begin to accept their mixed identity. They expect that the future of British society will become a society of "little importance", and that the acceptance of the mixed identity of the nonferrous population has to a certain extent affirmed Western culture, which has also had an impact on the white population. Eventually, the British sex was rebuilt, without pure English. Finally, by reviewing the construction of the mixed identity of colored immigrants and questioning the concept of single identity, sublimating the significance of the thesis, the novel examines the past and looks forward to the future optimistically. In the new period, there is a possible solution to the problem of national identity.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I561.074

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